蓄滞洪区安全建设工程水环境影响分析  

Analysis on water environment impact of safety construction projects in detention and retention basin

作　　者：毕雪[1] 潘婷婷 BI Xue;PAN Tingting(Changjiang Water Resources Protection Institute,Wuhan 430051,China)

机构地区：[1]长江水资源保护科学研究所,湖北武汉430051

出　　处：《人民长江》2024年第11期89-95,共7页Yangtze River

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFC3209002)。

摘　　要：蓄滞洪区是中国防洪体系重要组成部分,蓄滞洪区安全建设工程涉及范围广,建设内容包括多项点状和线性工程,工程实施可能对生态敏感区和饮用水水源保护区的水质产生不利影响。以鄱阳湖珠湖蓄滞洪区为例,采用湖泊推流衰减模型和湖泊完全混合模型,模拟施工期和运行期悬浮物和TP浓度变化及对水环境敏感目标的影响。结果表明:工程不利水环境影响主要产生在施工期,工程涉水施工造成悬浮物浓度超过背景值的扩散范围约300 m,TP浓度超背景值的扩散范围约210 m,对饮用水水源保护区水质有一定影响;运行期间,洪水淹没带入的污染物对珠湖水质产生影响,但珠湖水体总体能够达到Ⅲ类水质标准,蓄滞洪区的启用降低了超额洪水发生时的水环境风险。研究成果可为鄱阳湖蓄滞洪区安全建设工程水环境保护提供依据,为其他蓄滞洪区工程环保工作提供借鉴。Detention and retention basins are an important part of China′s flood control systems.Safety construction projects of detention and retention basins involve a wide range of areas and include a variety of point and linear engineering projects.The implementation of these projects may have an adverse impact on water quality of ecologically sensitive areas and drinking water source protection zones.This paper takes the Zhuhu Lake detention and retention basin as an example and uses lake dispersion decay model and lake fully mixed model to simulate the changes of SS and TP concentration during the construction period and operation period,and analyzes their impact on sensitive water environment targets.The results show that the main unfavorable water environment impact from the project would occur during the construction period.The construction-related water activities cause the diffusion of SS exceeding the background value within about 300 m range and the diffusion of TP exceeding the background value within about 210 m range,which has a certain impact on water quality of the drinking water source protection zone.During the operation period,the pollutants carried by floodwater affect the water quality of Zhuhu Lake,but the overall water body of Zhuhu Lake can still meet the Class Ⅲ water quality standard.The operation of the detention and retention basin reduces the water environment risk during excessive floods.This study provides a basis for the water environmental protection of the detention and retention basin safety construction project in Poyang Lake and serves as a reference for the environmental protection work of other detention and retention basins.

关 键 词：蓄滞洪区 水环境 湖泊推流衰减模型 湖泊完全混合模型 环境影响评价 珠湖 鄱阳湖 

分 类 号：TV873.2[水利工程—水利水电工程]