适应高水位变幅的鱼道进口流速调节数值模拟  

Numerical simulation on water velocity regulation at fishway inlet adapted for high water level variation

作　　者：贺新娟 白冰 银佳男 张志崇[1,2] HE Xinjuan;BAI Bing;YIN Jia′nan;ZHANG Zhichong(China Water Northeastern Investigation,Design&Research Company,Changchun 130021,China;Research Centre on Cold Region Engineering Technology of Ministry of Water Resources,Changchun 130061,China;Songliao River Water Resources Commission of Ministry of Water Resources,Changchun 130021,China)

机构地区：[1]中水东北勘测设计研究有限责任公司,吉林长春130021 [2]水利部寒区工程技术研究中心,吉林长春130061 [3]水利部松辽水利委员会,吉林长春130021

出　　处：《人民长江》2024年第11期216-222,256,共8页Yangtze River

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC0407303)。

摘　　要：鱼道进口布置受多种因素影响,当下游河道水位变幅较大且鱼道进口数量布置受限时,鱼道进口难以承受较大水位变幅,诱鱼水流条件差。为此,提出了设置流速调节浮箱对鱼道进口结构进行优化设计,并采用三维数值模拟对鱼道进口流速调节浮箱布置进行了优化研究。研究结果表明:鱼道进口段浮箱尺寸确定与下游水位变化密切相关,鱼道进口布置适当高度的浮箱,可以明显改善进口区域的流速条件;浮箱长度和鱼道进口段长度对鱼道进口段水流条件的影响不大,当浮箱长度取值为2~4倍进口宽度、鱼道进口段长度取值为5~8倍进口宽度时,鱼道进口段均可获得利于鱼类上溯的水流条件;浮箱尺寸一定,当浮箱布置位置距离鱼道池室段为1.0~2.5倍进口宽度时,流态较优。The layout of fishway inlets is affected by many factors.When the downstream river water level changes greatly the layout of fishway inlets is limited,and the fishway inlets can′t adapt to large water level variation,which lead to poor water flow conditions for luring fish.To this end,this paper sets a flow velocity regulating pontoon to improve the fish luring ability,and used a three-dimensional mathematical model to optimize the arrangement of the flow velocity regulating pontoon.The results showed that the pontoon size was closely related to the variation of the downstream water level.The flow velocity conditions in the inlet area can be significantly improved by arranging a pontoon of suitable height at the inlet of the fishway.The pontoon length and the length of the fishway inlet section had little effect on the flow conditions of the fishway inlet section.When the pontoon length was 2~4 times of the inlet width,and the fishway inlet section length was 5~8 times of the inlet width,the fishway inlet section can obtain well flow conditions conducive to the fish tracing.When the pontoon size was determined,the flow pattern was better when the pontoon was fixed away from fishway intlet at distance of 1.0~2.5 times of the inlet width.

关 键 词：鱼道 流速调节 浮箱 高水位变幅 鱼道进口长度 进鱼能力 

分 类 号：TV697.1[水利工程—水利水电工程]