上古汉语并列复句焦点结构的类型、演变特征与动因  

The Types,Evolution Characteristics and Motivation of Focus Structure of Coordinate Complex Sentences in Ancient Chinese

作　　者：杨丹[1] Yang Dan

机构地区：[1]北京联合大学师范学院,北京100011

出　　处：《南京师范大学文学院学报》2024年第3期23-35,共13页Journal of School of Chinese Language and Culture Nanjing Normal University

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“汉语复句历史演变研究及其语料库建设”(16ZDA207)。

摘　　要：上古汉语并列复句的对比焦点结构类型可以根据焦点实现的句法单位来划分,主要分为分句式焦点结构和成分式焦点结构。其中,分句式焦点结构是最主要的类型。成分式焦点结构则通过焦点标记词和对称式来实现。从焦点的数量来看,并列复句可以分为单焦点结构、双焦点结构和多重焦点结构。上古汉语并列复句的焦点结构演变具有以下特征:成分式焦点结构的数量占比略有增长;复句内的焦点数量模式从单焦点结构向双焦点或多重焦点结构发展;焦点的实现方式更加多样化。这种演变的主要动因包括语义和谐、句法促动和语用强化。The types of contrastive focus structures in ancient Chinese coordinate complex sentences can be divided according to the syntactic units in which the focus is realized,mainly into clause-based focus structures and constituent-based focus structures.Among them,clause-based focus structures are the most dominant type.Constituent-based focus structures are realized through focus marking words and symmetrical patterns.From the perspective of the number of focuses,the types of coordinate complex sentences can be divided into single-focus structures,double-focus structures,and multiple-focus structures.The evolution of focus structures in ancient Chinese coordinate complex sentences has the following characteristics:the proportion of constituent-based focus structures has slightly increased;the number of focuses within complex sentences has evolved from single-focus structures to double-focus or multiple-focus structures;and the realization of focuses has become more diverse.The main motivations for this evolution are semantic harmony,syntactic impetus and pragmatic reinforcement.

关 键 词：并列复句 焦点结构 演变特征 动因 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语]