11种陆生灌草植物对污水中氮磷的净化能力比较  

Comparison on Purification Abilities for Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Sewage of 11 Terrestrial Shrub and Grass Plants

作　　者：郑卫国 粟春青 罗炘武 韩梦梦 宫彦章 路洋 Zheng Weiguo;Su Chunqing;Luo Xinwu;Han Mengmeng;Gong Yanzhang;Lu Yang(Guangdong Wenke Green Technology Co.,Ltd.,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518111,China)

机构地区：[1]广东文科绿色科技股份有限公司,广东深圳518111

出　　处：《广西林业科学》2024年第5期649-657,共9页Guangxi Forestry Science

基　　金：深圳市科技计划项目(KCXFZ202002011006491)。

摘　　要：为研究陆生植物对污水的净化效果,采用盆栽模拟法,在污水灌溉条件下分析不同水力停留时间(HRT=5、10、15和20天)下11种陆生灌草植物对污水中全氮(TN)、氨氮和全磷(TP)的净化效果,并对基质中氮和磷含量的变化进行分析。结果表明,HRT和不同处理及其交互作用对各污染物的去除率均影响显著或极显著;各污染物平均去除率均在HRT为20天时最高。11种植物对TN、氨氮和TP的平均去除率分别为29.26%~56.41%、70.74%~93.92%和46.67%~64.59%,均高于无植物处理,且污染物去除率总体随HRT延长而提高。各植物处理的出水TN和TP含量最低值基本符合GB 18918—2002中一级标准,出水氨氮含量最低值达到GB 3838—2002中Ⅱ~Ⅴ类标准。与原土相比,在污水渗滤过程中,各处理基质的TN和TP含量总体均有所增加,且各植物处理基质的TN和TP含量总体均低于无植物处理。隶属函数分析结果表明,黄金榕(Ficus microcarpa'Golden Leaves')、龙船花(Ixora chinensis)和翠芦莉(Ruellia simplex)的综合净化效果较好,可作为海绵城市设施水质净化优选的陆生植物,月季(Rosa chinensis)和吊兰(Chlorophytum comosum)的净化能力相对较弱。In order to study purification effects of terrestrial plants for sewage,pot simulation method was used to analyze purification effects of 11 kinds of terrestrial shrub and grass plants on total nitrogen(TN),ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus(TP)under different hydraulic retention time(HRT=5,10,15 and 20 d)in sewage irrigation conditions,and contents of nitrogen and phosphorus in substrates were analyzed.Results showed that HRT,different treatments and their interactions had significant or extremely significant effects on removal rates of all pollutants.Average removal rates of all pollutants were the highest when HRT were 20 d.Average removal rates of TN,ammonia nitrogen and TP by 11 plants were 29.26%-56.41%,70.74%-93.92%and 46.67%-64.59%respectively,which were higher than those of no plant treatment.Removal rates of all pollutants generally increased with extension of HRT.Minimum values of TN and TP contents in yielding water of all plant treatments basically met first level standards in GB 18918—2002,and minimum values of ammonia nitrogen contents in yielding water reached classⅡ-Ⅴstandards in GB 3838—2002.Compared with original soil,contents of TN and TP in substrates of all treatments overall increased in process of sewage infiltration,and contents of TN and TP in substrates of all plant treatments were overall lower than those of no plant treatment.Results of membership function analysis showed that Ficus microcarpa'Golden Leaves',Ixora chinensis and Ruellia simplex had better comprehensive purification effects,which could be used as preferred terrestrial plants for water purification in sponge city facilities,and purification abilities of Rosa chinensis and Chlorophytum comosum were relatively weaker.

关 键 词：陆生植物 污水净化 去除率 水力停留时间 氮磷积累 

分 类 号：Q948.116[生物学—植物学]