大豆对碳离子束和γ射线当代辐射响应评估指标研究  

Study of Evaluation Index of the Contemporary Radiation Response of Soybean to Carbon Ion Beams andγ-rays

作　　者：王露露 周利斌[2,3] 冯卓 陈霞 陈婧敏 彭云玲 王芳[1] 杜艳[2,3] WANG Lulu;ZHOU Libin;FENG Zhuo;CHEN Xia;CHEN Jingmin;PENG Yunling;WANG Fang;DU Yan(Gansu Agricultural University,College of Agronomy,Lanzhou 730000,China;Institute of Modern Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,College of Life Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学农学院,兰州730000 [2]中国科学院近代物理研究所,兰州730000 [3]中国科学院大学生命科学学院,北京100049

出　　处：《原子核物理评论》2024年第2期720-730,共11页Nuclear Physics Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(12135016,12475357,11975285);国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1200705);核能开发科研项目“核辐射作物品种改良与害虫防控”;广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2022B0202060006);西南作物基因资源发掘与利用国家重点实验室开放课题(SKL-KF202225)。

摘　　要：采用碳离子束和γ射线辐射大豆干种子(Williams 82),通过M1代苗期生长发育、光合生理以及遗传多态性等指标的测定,及各指标辐射响应指数聚类分析,综合研究了两种电离辐射对大豆的当代生物学效应。结果表明,辐射处理对单叶长宽及面积、14天第1节间长度、28天株高、光合色素含量、叶绿素荧光参数(ETR(I)、Y(I))具有抑制作用,对单叶长宽比、第2节间长度、叶绿素荧光参数Y(NA)、胞间CO_(2)浓度(Ci)具有促进作用。基于分子标记技术对单叶遗传多态性进行分析发现,辐射处理后大豆群体Nei’s遗传距离、香农指数、多态率均增加。以上指标均可作为评估大豆对两种电离辐射响应的有效指标。此外,在一定剂量范围内,存活率、第1节间长度、14天株高可用于γ射线辐射效应评估;而净光合速率(Pn)、最大光合速率(Pm)、蒸腾速率(Tr)和气孔导度(Gs)可用于碳离子束辐射效应评估。本研究为大豆电离辐射诱变育种参数选择提供了参考依据。The dry soybean seeds(Glycine max,‘Williams 82')were irradiated by^(12)C^(6+)andγrays.The contemporary biological effects were investigated comprehensively by measuring a series of indexes of growth and development,photosynthetic physiology and genetic polymorphism of M1 generation seedlings,as well as the cluster analysis.The results showed that radiation treatment had inhibitory effects on length,width and area of the unifoliate leaf,length of the first internode at 14-day,plant height at 28-day,photosynthetic pigment content,chlorophyll fluorescence parameters(ETR(I),Y(I)),while it promoted the ratio of length to width of unifoliate leaf,length of the second internode length,chlorophyll fluorescence parameters Y(NA),and intercellular CO_(2)concentration(Ci).Analysis of the genetic polymorphism of unifoliate leaf based on molecular marker technology revealed that Nei's genetic distance,Shannon index,and polymorphism rate increased in M_(1)generation after radiation treatment.All the above indicators can be used as valid indicators to assess the response of soybean to both types of ionizing radiation.In addition,within a certain dose range,survival rate,the length of the first internode length,and plant height at 14-day can be used forγ-radiation effect assessment;while net photosynthetic rate(Pn),maximum photosynthetic rate(Pm),transpiration ratio(Tr),and stomatal conductance(Gs)can be used for carbon ion beam radiation effect assessment This study provides a reference for the selection of suitable parameters for soybean mutation breeding by radiation.

关 键 词：大豆 碳离子束 Γ射线 指标筛选 辐射效应 

分 类 号：Q947.9[生物学—植物学]