随机供需下给定订货批量的资金约束生鲜供应链最优努力投入研究  

The Optimal Efforts of Capital-constrained Fresh Supply Chain with Predetermined Order Quantity under Random Yield and Demand

作　　者：吴晓黎[1] 叶敏瑜 WU Xiaoli;YE Minyu(School of Business Administration,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510641,China;School of Management and Economics,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 102488,China)

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学工商管理学院,广东广州510641 [2]北京理工大学管理与经济学院,北京102488

出　　处：《工业工程与管理》2024年第5期104-116,共13页Industrial Engineering and Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71971088/G0102);广东省哲学社会科学规划项目(GD19CGL28)。

摘　　要：生鲜品产出需求不确定促使生鲜超市在生鲜品产出前确定订购批量数额,本文考虑一个资金约束供应商和一个零售商组成的二级生鲜系统,研究随机供需下不同模式的生鲜努力水平决策。分析对比现付现结模式、无(有)资金延期支付模式和无(有)资金自营模式下供应链最优生鲜努力和最优利润。研究表明,无资金约束模式的生鲜努力存在阈值,有资金约束模式的努力水平存在阈值且随初始资金分三个区域变化。资金约束是制约生鲜努力投入的主要因素,延期支付能激励供应商和零售商投入生产和保鲜努力,最优生鲜努力水平会随初始资金水平的增加而增大。在无资金约束且订购批量超过一定阈值时,延期支付模式下的最优生鲜努力将超过自营集中模式。系统总资金受限下,小订购量企业愿意采用延期支付模式,大订购量企业更倾向采用自营模式实施“优产优销”策略。The uncertainty in the output and demand of fresh products prompts fresh food supermarkets to determine the order quantity before production.Considering a two-level fresh product system composed of a capital-constrained supplier and a retailer,the decision-making of fresh effort in different models under random yield and demand was studied.The optimal fresh effort and optimal profit of the supply chain among pay-in-cash model,delayed payment model without(with)capital constraints and self-operated model without(with)capital constraints,were analyzed and compared.The results show that there is a threshold for fresh effort in the model without capital constraints,and there is a threshold for the effort in the model with capital constraints,which varies in three areas with the initial capital.Capital constraints are the main factor restricting the fresh effort.Delayed payment can motivate suppliers and retailers to invest in production and fresh-keeping efforts,and the optimal fresh effort will increase with the increase of the initial capital.When there is no capital constraint and the order quantity exceeds a certain threshold,the optimal fresh effort under the delayed payment model will exceed that of the self-operated centralized model.Under the limitation of the total capital of the system,enterprises with small orders are willing to adopt the delayed payment model,while enterprises with large orders are more inclined to implement the strategy of“better production and better sales”in the self-operated model.

关 键 词：随机产出 随机需求 生鲜努力水平 STACKELBERG博弈 延期支付 

分 类 号：C934[经济管理—管理学]