跨理论模型在社区老年人运动行为促进中应用的范围综述  

Application of transtheoretical model on promoting motor behavior among older adults in the community:a scoping review

作　　者：高杰 胡慧秀[2] 孙超[2] 赵雅洁 罗欢欢 郝雨晴 Gao Jie;Hu Huixiu;Sun Chao;Zhao Yajie;Luo Huanhuan;Hao Yuqing(School of Nursing,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100144,China;Nursing Department,Beijing Hospital&National Center of Gerontology&Institute of Geriatric Medicine,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Beijing 100730;Cardiology Department,Beijing Hospital&National Center of Gerontology&Institute of Geriatric Medicine,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Beijing 100730;Nursing Department,Beijing Hospital&National Center of Gerontology&Institute of Geriatric Medicine,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100730)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院护理学院,北京100144 [2]北京医院护理部、国家老年医学中心、中国医学科学院老年医学研究院,北京100730 [3]北京医院心血管内科、国家老年医学中心、中国医学科学院老年医学研究院,北京100730 [4]北京医院护理部、国家老年医学中心、中国医学科学院老年医学研究院、北京协和医学院研究生院,北京100730

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2024年第32期4348-4358,共11页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(72304046);中央高水平医院临床科研业务费专项(BJ-2024-167,BJ-2024-199);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(3332023093);国家重点研发计划(2020YFC2008504)。

摘　　要：目的基于跨理论模型(TTM),对社区老年人运动行为促进干预方案的特点及效果进行范围审查,探讨干预方案中TTM指导策略选择的机制及内涵。方法系统检索PubMed、Embase、CINAHL、Cochrane Library、PsycINFO、中国知网、万方数据库中与TTM指导下社区老年人运动行为促进干预方案相关的文献,检索时限均为建库至2023年10月11日。由2名研究者对纳入文献进行汇总和资料分析。结果共纳入15篇文献,干预框架包含按照行为变化阶段和行为变化规律2种;干预策略主要包含强调运动益处及不运动弊端、建立家属帮助关系、榜样经验分享、奖励、设置提醒、签署承诺等17项内容;干预策略形式主要包含健康讲座、一对一交流、运动承诺书、运动日志、小组交流会、物质/荣誉等14种形式;结局指标包含可行性(安全性、保留率、出勤率、满意度)以及有效性(运动依从性、行为阶段变化、躯体功能、自我效能、决策均衡等)。结论TTM中的变化阶段可指导社区老年人运动行为促进干预方案的干预框架设计,变化程序可指导干预策略及应用形式的设计。基于TTM的社区老年人运动行为促进干预方案的特色在于含有符合各行为阶段的干预策略,在结果方面具有短期有效性及可行性,在未来有必要进一步明确干预方案细节,探索其长期有效性并进行随访。Objective To carry out a scoping review on characteristics and effects of intervention program for promoting motor behavior among older adults in the community based on transtheoretical model(TTM),so as to explore the mechanism and connotation of TTM guiding strategy selection in the intervention program.MethodsThe literature on the intervention program for promoting motor behavior among older adults in the community based on TTM was systematically searched in PubMed,Embase,CINAHL,Cochrane Library,PsycINFO,China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang Data.The search period was from database establishment to October 11,2023.Two researchers conducted a summary and data analysis of the included literature.Results A total of 15 articles were included,and the intervention framework included two types according to behavior change stages and behavior change patterns.The intervention strategy mainly included 17 items,such as emphasizing the benefits of exercise and drawbacks of no-exercise,establishing family support relationships,sharing exemplary experiences,rewarding,setting reminders,and signing commitments.The intervention strategies mainly involved 14 forms such as health lectures,one-on-one communication,exercise commitment letters,exercise logs,group communication meetings,and material/honor.The outcome measures consisted of feasibility(safety,retention,attendance,satisfaction)and effectiveness(exercise compliance,behavioral stage changes,physical function,self-efficacy,decision balance and so on).Conclusions The stages of change in TTM can guide the design of intervention frameworks for promoting motor behavior among older adults in the community,and the change program can guide the intervention strategies and design of application forms.The characteristic of the TTM based intervention program for promoting motor behavior among older adults in the community is that it contains intervention strategies that are suitable for each stage of behavior,and has short-term effectiveness and feasibility in terms of

关 键 词：老年人 跨理论模型 社区保健护理 范围综述 运动行为改变 

分 类 号：R473.2[医药卫生—护理学]