基于群组轨迹模型的体力活动变化轨迹与中老年人认知功能的关系研究  

Relationship between physical activity trajectories and cognitive function of middle-aged and older adults based on group-based trajectory model

作　　者：李黎 管祥云[1,2,3] 姜园园 颜景政[2,3,4] 曹英娟[2,3,5] Li Li;Guan Xiangyun;Jiang Yuanyuan;Yan Jingzheng;Cao Yingjuan(Department of International Medical Services,Qilu Hospital of Shandong University,Jinan 250012,China;Department of Nursing,Qilu Hospital of Shandong University,Jinan 250012,China;Innovation Research Center of Nursing Theory and Practice,Shandong University,Jinan 250012,China;Neurocritical Care Unit,Department of Neurology,Qilu Hospital of Shandong University,Jinan 250012,China;School of Nursing and Rehabilitation,Shandong University,Jinan 250012,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学齐鲁医院国际医疗部,济南250012 [2]山东大学齐鲁医院护理部,济南250012 [3]山东大学护理理论与实践创新研究中心,济南250012 [4]山东大学齐鲁医院神经内科重症监护室,济南250012 [5]山东大学护理与康复学院,济南250012

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2024年第32期4373-4377,共5页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(72274110)。

摘　　要：目的探讨体力活动变化轨迹对中老年人认知功能的影响。方法本研究基于2011—2020年中国健康与养老追踪调查数据,选取809名年龄≥45岁的中老年人为研究对象,收集一般资料、体力活动情况、认知功能等数据。运用群组轨迹模型(GBTM)建立体力活动轨迹发展模型,采用多重线性回归分析探讨中老年人认知功能的影响因素,并分析体力活动变化轨迹与认知功能之间的关联性。结果809名中老年人认知功能得分为(11.71±4.60)分,体力活动代谢当量对数为(8.38±1.06)。基于GBTM识别出中老年人存在4种体力活动变化轨迹,分别是平稳组、缓慢上升组、快速下降组和平稳下降组。多重线性回归分析结果显示,平稳和缓慢上升活动轨迹、性别、年龄、婚姻状况、是否退休是中老年人认知功能的影响因素(P<0.01)。结论中老年人体力活动变化轨迹与认知功能有关,中老年人应保持平稳或缓慢上升趋势的体力活动,护理人员应根据认知功能的影响因素制订针对性的干预措施。Objective To explore the effect of physical activity trajectories on cognitive function in middle-aged and older adults.MethodsBased on data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS)from 2011 to 2020,809 participants aged≥45 were selected.General data,physical activity levels,and cognitive function were collected.The group-based trajectory model(GBTM)was used to establish the physical activity trajectory model,and multiple linear regression was applied to investigate factors affecting cognitive function in middle-aged and older adults and to analyze the relationship between physical activity trajectories and cognitive function.Results The cognitive function score for the 809 middle-aged and older adults was(11.71±4.60),and the logarithmic metabolic equivalent of physical activity was(8.38±1.06).Based on GBTM,four physical activity trajectories were identified:stable group,slow-increase group,rapid-decrease group,and stable-decrease group.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the stable and slow-increase activity trajectories,gender,age,marital status,and retirement status were significant factors influencing cognitive function in middle-aged and older adults(P<0.01).Conclusions Physical activity trajectories are associated with cognitive function in middle-aged and older adults.Maintaining stable or slowly increasing physical activity is beneficial for cognitive health.Nurses should design targeted interventions based on factors influencing cognitive function.

关 键 词：体力活动 中老年人 认知功能 群组轨迹模型 

分 类 号：R473.74[医药卫生—护理学]