脂肪酸代谢与急性肾损伤:肾脏修复和再生的潜在治疗途径  

Fatty Acid Metabolism and Acute Kidney Injury: Potential Therapeutic Avenues for Renal Repair and Regeneration

作　　者：谢海燕[1,2] 吴雨洙 聂伟东 雷垚 XIE Hai-yan;WU Yu-zhu;NIE Wei-dong;LEI Yao(School of Life Science,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100080,China;School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100080,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学生命学院,北京100080 [2]北京大学药学院,北京100080

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2024年第31期13237-13249,共13页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32101140)。

摘　　要：急性肾损伤(acute kidney injury,AKI)是一种常见且严重的肾脏疾病,其发病率和死亡率逐年上升。脂肪酸氧化(fatty acids oxidation,FAO)紊乱是AKI发生和发展中一个重要的病理体现。在AKI状态下,肾小管上皮细胞(renal tubular epithelial cells,RTECs)发生显著的能量代谢重编程,其中脂肪酸代谢受阻尤为显著。因此,深入探讨脂肪酸代谢功能障碍相关机制,对于探寻AKI有效疗法至关重要。全面地探讨了AKI中脂质代谢的变化,包括脂肪类物质以及与FAO相关的代谢酶;总结了FAO代谢重编程后引起的不良反应,如细胞的自噬、凋亡、炎症和过氧化应激等过程;提出通过补充FAO相关代谢产物或抑制FAO相关调节酶,可以有效逆转肾脏异常的代谢过程,进而降低炎症反应和氧化应激,实现AKI的有效治疗。研究结果可为AKI临床研究的深入开展提供借鉴。Acute kidney injury(AKI)is a common and serious kidney disease with rising incidence and mortality rates.Disruption of fatty acid oxidation(FAO)is a significant pathological feature in the progression of AKI.Under AKI conditions,renal tubular epithelial cells(RTECs)undergo marked energy metabolic reprogramming,with particularly notable disturbances in fatty acid metabolism.Therefore,exploring the mechanisms associated with impaired fatty acid metabolism is crucial for developing effective therapies for AKI.This review comprehensively discusses the alterations in lipid metabolism in AKI,including fatty substances and metabolic enzymes related to FAO.It summarizes the adverse reactions caused by FAO metabolic reprogramming,such as autophagy,apoptosis,inflammation,and oxidative stress in cells.The review proposes that supplementing FAO-related metabolic products or inhibiting FAO-related regulatory enzymes can effectively reverse abnormal metabolic processes in the kidneys,thereby reducing inflammation and oxidative stress,leading to effective treatment of AKI.This work provides insights that may facilitate further clinical research on AKI.

关 键 词：急性肾损伤 脂肪酸代谢 炎症 氧化应激 脂毒性 

分 类 号：R692[医药卫生—泌尿科学]