弥勒市大气污染物质量浓度特征及潜在源区分析  

Analysis of the mass concentration characteristics and potential source areas of air pollutants in Mile,Yunnan in recent years

作　　者：赵红珍 周秀美 张万诚 ZHAO Hongzhen;ZHOU Xiumei;ZHANG Wancheng(Research Center for Disastrous Weather over Hengduan Mountains&Low-Latitude Plateau,China Meteorological Administration,Kunming 650034,Yunnan,China;Mile Meteorological Bureau,Mile 652399,Yunnan,China;Honghe Prefecture Meteorological Observatory,Mengzi 661199,Yunnan,China;Yunnan Institute of Meteorological Sciences,Kunming 650034,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]中国气象局横断山区(低纬高原)灾害性天气研究中心,云南昆明650034 [2]弥勒市气象局,云南弥勒652399 [3]红河州气象台,云南蒙自661199 [4]云南省气象科学研究所,云南昆明650034

出　　处：《云南大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第6期1091-1100,共10页Journal of Yunnan University(Natural Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42075013).

摘　　要：利用弥勒市2017—2022年主要大气污染物质量浓度数据和全球资料同化系统(global data assimilation system,GDAS)气象数据,综合分析弥勒市大气中SO_(2)、CO、PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)、NO_(2)和O_(3)污染物的分布及变化特征,并用聚类方法、引入权重因子后的潜在源贡献因子法及浓度权重轨迹分析法研究不同区域对弥勒市大气PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)、O_(3)质量浓度的贡献.结果表明:①弥勒市主要大气污染物为O_(3)、PM_(10)、PM_(2.5),1—5月是污染物的集中时段,雨季空气质量明显改善,冬春季是明显污染时段,O_(3)质量浓度在每年4月及8月份出现波峰;②污染物的逐日变化特征明显,O_(3)质量浓度在16:00—18:00达到最大,NO_(2)与O_(3)变化相反.SO_(2)、NO_(2)和O_(3)质量浓度日变化为单峰型,CO、PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)质量浓度日变化呈多峰型;③来自西南、南、东南、东北、东方向的污染气团对弥勒市环境空气污染物贡献较大,主导输送方向为西南方.缅甸、老挝和越南北部是弥勒春季和冬季的大气细颗粒物潜在源区.The distribution and change characteristics of SO_(2),CO,PM_(2.5),PM_(10),NO_(2) and O_(3) air pollutants in Mile City of Yunnan Province were comprehensively analyzed,based on the mass concentration data of major air pollutants and the meteorological data of Global Data Assimilation System(GDAS)in Mile from 2017 to 2022,and the contribution of different regions to the concentration of PM_(2.5),PM_(10),O_(3) in air of Mile was studied,by using the clustering method,weighted potential source contribution factor method,and weighted concentration trajectory analysis method.The results show that:①the main air pollutants in Mile City are O_(3),PM_(10) and PM_(2.5).The pollutants are concentrated from January through May;the air quality is obviously improved in the rainy season;the obvious pollution period is from winter through spring;and O_(3) concentration peaks appear in April and August every year.②The daily variation characteristics of pollutants are obvious;the concentration of O_(3) in air reaches its maximum between 16:00 and 18:00;and meanwhile the concentration of NO_(2) reaches its minimum,opposite to that of O_(3).Besides,the daily variation of SO_(2),NO_(2) and O_(3) concentrations is in air unimodal,while the daily variation of CO,PM_(2.5) and PM_(10) concentrations is multi-modal.③The polluted air masses from the areas to Mile City’s southwest,south,southeast,northeast and east greatly contribute to the ambient air pollutants of the city,with the majority of pollutants coming from the southwest areas.In other words,the northern parts of the three countries,Myanmar,Laos and Vietnam,are the potential source areas of fine particles in air in spring and winter of Mile City.

关 键 词：大气污染物 后向轨迹聚类分析 潜在源区 弥勒 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]