基于生态径流指标的漳河流域匡门口站水文情势变化研究  

Study on the Change of Hydrological Situation of Kuangmen Station in Zhanghe River Basin Based on Ecological Runoff Indicators

作　　者：潘滢 郝文龙 吕树霞 田永康 常晨旭 PAN Ying;HAO Wen-long;LV Shu-xia;TIAN Yong-kang;CHANG Chen-xu(School of Energy and Environmental Engineering,Hebei University of Engineering,Handan 056038,China;Key Laboratory of Hydrometeorological Disaster Mechanism and Warning of Ministry of Water Resources,Nanjing University of Information Engineering,Nanjing 210044,China)

机构地区：[1]河北工程大学能源与环境工程学院,河北邯郸056038 [2]南京信息工程大学水利部水文气象灾害机理与预警重点实验室,江苏南京210044

出　　处：《水电能源科学》2024年第11期16-20,共5页Water Resources and Power

基　　金：水利部水文气象灾害机理与预警重点实验室开放基金(HYMED202301);邯郸市科技局市级科技研发计划项目(19422303008-73);河北省自然科学基金项目(E2020402057);水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室“一带一路”水与可持续发展科技基金项目(2020491111)。

摘　　要：科学理解生态径流变化机制和生态水文情势变化对优化治理流域方略、合理布局水利工程措施以达到抗旱减灾的目的尤为重要。应用基于流量过程线的月、季、年3种时间尺度的生态径流计算方法,将超月第75分位数流量过程线的月多余径流与月可能的最大多余径流比值定义为月生态盈余,第25百分位数流量过程线以下的月不足径流与月可能最大不足径流比值定义为月生态赤字,季、年生态径流类似,按生态赤字情况划分为4个生态风险等级,并用此方法评估漳河流域匡门口水文站在变异节点前后的生态水文情势变化。结果表明,匡门口3、5月生态径流变化明显,3、5月的生态赤字相比变异前分别增大了598.04%、639.94%;所有月份中、高风险年份比例增加;夏、冬季的生态赤字分别增大了579.27%、513.54%,四季的中、高风险年份的比例均增加。香农多样性指数与年生态赤字的loess拟合具有高相似性。研究结果可为提升生态径流水文情势变化认识和调控措施及建设水生态理论提供评估手段。Scientific understanding of the mechanism of ecological runoff change and ecohydrological situation change is particularly important for optimizing the management strategy of the watershed and rationally deploying hydraulic engineering measures so as to achieve the purpose of drought mitigation.In this paper,we applied the ecological runoff calculation method based on the flow process line at three time scales of monthly,seasonal and annual,and defined the ratio of monthly excess runoff exceeding the 75th quartile flow process line of the month to the maximum possible excess runoff of the month as the monthly ecological surplus,and the ratio of monthly deficient runoff below the 25th percentile flow process line to the maximum possible deficient runoff of the month as the monthly ecological deficit,and the quarterly and yearly ecological runoff were similarly divided into four ecological risk levels according to the ecological The seasonal and annual ecological runoffs were similarly categorized into four ecological risk classes according to the ecological deficits,and this method was used to assess the changes of ecohydrological situation at Kuangmen Hydrological Station in Zhanghe River Basin before and after the variation nodes.The results show that the ecological runoff at the Kuangmen gate changed significantly in March and May,and the ecological deficits in March and May increased by 598.04%and 639.94%,respectively,compared with the pre-variation period;The proportions of medium-and high-risk years increased in all the months;The ecological deficits in the summer and winter increased by 579.27%and 513.54%,and the proportions of medium-and high-risk years increased in all the seasons.The loess fit of Shannon diversity index to annual ecological deficit had high similarity.The results of the study can provide assessment tools to improve the understanding of changes in the hydrological situation of ecological runoff and regulatory measures as well as to build a theory of water ecology.

关 键 词：生态径流 水文情势 风险评估 匡门口水文站 漳河流域 

分 类 号：TV121.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源]