面向数据中心液冷装置余热回收的卡诺电池储能系统可行性分析  

Feasibility analysis of a Carnot battery energy storage system for waste heat recovery of liquid cooling units in data centers

作　　者：张宇[1] 李敏霞[1] 李君[1] 颜利波 张家兴 王志朋 田华[1] ZHANG Yu;LI Minxia;LI Jun;YAN Libo;ZHANG Jiaxing;WANG Zhipeng;TIAN Hua(State Key Laboratory of Engines,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300350,China;Guangdong Midea HVAC Equipment Co.,Ltd,Foshan 528311,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学先进内燃动力全国重点实验室,天津300350 [2]广东美的暖通设备有限公司,广东佛山528311

出　　处：《储能科学与技术》2024年第11期3921-3929,共9页Energy Storage Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2021YFF0306805)。

摘　　要：随着新一代信息技术的迅猛发展,需要全时段供电、不间断冷却的数据中心建设量急剧提高。同时,在全球可再生能源消费比重不断提高的背景下,各国普遍提出峰谷电价政策。数据中心冷却系统供冷效果差、系统能耗高,数据中心用电诉求与现行电价政策难以适配。为解决这一矛盾,将两相浸没式液冷技术与卡诺电池储能技术有机结合,构建了一种新型数据中心用冷电联供系统。为评估本系统在不同城市的可行性,选取哈尔滨、南京、广州三座城市作为应用对象,对比分析了本系统与全年采用自然冷却模式的浸没式冷却系统的能效表现及经济性。结果表明,采用新系统后,每千瓦的数据中心IT设备全年用电花费分别节省了235.52元、245.24元及281.28元。本研究给出的方案有效地提升了数据中心的用电灵活性,大幅降低了数据中心运维费用。The rapid advancement of next-generation information technology has led to a significant increase in data center construction,which demands continuous power supply and uninterrupted cooling.Concurrently,with the growing adoption of global renewable energy,many countries have introduced peak-valley electricity pricing policies.The current cooling systems in data centers often exhibit suboptimal cooling performance and high energy consumption,making it challenging for these centers to adapt to existing electricity pricing policies.To address this issue,this study proposes a novel combined cooling and power system for data centers by integrating two-phase immersion liquid cooling technology with Carnot battery energy storage technology.To assess the feasibility of this system across different regions,Harbin,Nanjing,and Guangzhou were selected as case study locations.The study compares and analyzes the energy efficiency and economic performance of the proposed system against the immersion cooling system utilizing natural cooling mode throughout the year.Results indicate that the new system reduces the annual electricity cost per kilowatt of data center IT equipment by 235.52 CNY,245.24 CNY and 281.28 CNY in Harbin,Nanjing,and Guangzhou,respectively.The proposed scheme significantly enhances the power flexibility of data centers while substantially reducing their operational and maintenance costs.

关 键 词：数据中心 卡诺电池 自然冷却 能效表现 经济性 

分 类 号：TB657[一般工业技术—制冷工程] TP308[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构]