聊城北部地区儿童下呼吸道感染细菌分布与药物敏感性分析  

Analysis of Pathogen Distribution and Drug Sensitivity of Children's Lower Respiratory Tract Infection In northern Liaocheng

作　　者：解宝君 徐静[1] XIE Bao-jun;XU Jing(Department of Clinical Laboratory,the Second People's Hospital of Liaocheng,The Second Hospital of Liaocheng Affliated to Shandong First Medical University,Shandong Linqing 252600)

机构地区：[1]聊城市第二人民医院/山东第一医科大学附属聊城二院检验科,山东临清252600

出　　处：《医学检验与临床》2024年第9期34-38,共5页Medical Laboratory Science and Clinics

摘　　要：目的:回顾性分析下呼吸道感染患儿的细菌检出及药敏情况,为本地区儿童下呼吸道细菌感染患儿临床合理使用抗菌药物提供实验室依据及指导。方法:分析2016年1月一2021年12月期间,我院12岁以下临床诊断为下呼吸道感染患儿的气管抽吸物及肺泡灌洗液标本细菌培养结果,通过Whonet5.6进行药敏结果统计,SPSS20.0软件对数据进行组间阳性率比较分析。结果:3789例下呼吸道标本培养出细菌908例,阳性率23.97%;其中革兰阴性菌430例,占菌株总数的47.36%,革兰阳性菌478例,占菌株总数的52.64%。阳性菌中,耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)检出率为50.5%;肺炎链球菌对青霉素敏感率为98.8%;大肠埃希菌对氨苄西林、哌拉西林及第一代头孢菌素头孢唑林均有较高耐药率,分别为88.3%、77.8%和75.0%。结论:我院12岁以下住院患儿下呼吸道感染中肺炎链球菌多见,不同病原菌药敏结果差异较大,临床应根据病原菌的种类和药敏情况,合理使用抗菌药物。Objective:To retrospectively analyze the bacterial detection and drug sensitivity of children with lower respiratory tract infection,and to provide laboratory basis and guidance for rational use of antibiotics in children with lower respiratory tract bacterial infection.Methods:From January 2016 to December 2021,the bacterial culture results of tracheal aspirates and alveolar lavage fluid samples of children under 12 years old clinically diagnosed with lower respiratory tract infection in our hospital were analyzed.Whonet 5.6 was used to calculate the drug susceptibility results,and SPSS 20.0 software was used to compare the positive rate of the data between groups.Results:Bacteria were detected in 908 cases(23.97%)of 3789 samples.Among them,there were 430 gram-negative bacteria,accounting for 47.36%,and 478 gram-positive bacteria,accounting for 52.64%.Among the positive bacteria,the detection rate of methicllin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)was 50.5%.The susceptibility rate of Streptococcus pneumoniae to penicillin was 98.8%.The resistance rate of Escherichia coli to ampicilin,piperacillin as well as the first-generation cephalosporin cefazolin was high,and the resistance rate was 88.3%,77.8%and 75.0%respectively.Conclusion:Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common lower respiratory tract infection in hospitalized children under 12 years old in our hospital,and the drug susceptibility results of different pathogens vary greatly.Antibiotics should be used rationally according to the types of pathogens and drug susceptibility.

关 键 词：儿童 下呼吸道感染 病原菌 药敏 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科]