基于电路切割方法的并行量子模拟方法  

Parallel quantum simulation method based on circuit cutting approach

作　　者：周予恺 彭世昕 颜峻 蒋金虎 Zhou Yukai;Peng Shixin;Yan Jun;Jiang Jinhu(Institute of Big Data,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China;Teaching and Support Center,Information Engineering University,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学大数据研究院,上海200433 [2]信息工程大学教研保障中心,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《电子技术应用》2024年第11期9-15,共7页Application of Electronic Technique

摘　　要：量子计算在解决传统计算难题方面展现了巨大潜力,但由于其高错误率和噪声问题,经典模拟成为验证其性能的重要手段。然而,量子的叠加和纠缠特性带来了模拟上的巨大挑战,尤其是在内存受限的情况下。尽管电路切割方法能够将大规模量子电路分解为更小的计算任务,减轻计算压力,先前的研究主要关注其在量子计算机上的应用,未充分考虑其在量子电路模拟中的效果。论文研究填补了这一空白,提出了基于启发式切割算法和子电路状态向量复用的优化方案,以应对模拟中的内存限制。通过引入全局计算成本的考量和整数规划模型,提出的启发式方法不仅优化了切割过程,还结合了子电路状态向量复用技术,以减少重复计算和内存占用。实验结果显示,与当前流行的电路切割方法相比,所提出方法在提升模拟速度的同时显著降低了内存需求,有效应对了量子电路模拟中的挑战。在经典量子电路的测试中总体平均加速达到了46%。Quantum computing has shown great potential in addressing traditional computational challenges,but due to its high error rates and noise issues,classical simulation has become an essential tool for verifying its performance.However,the superpo‐sition and entanglement properties of quantum systems pose significant challenges for simulation,especially when memory is lim‐ited.Although circuit cutting methods can decompose large-scale quantum circuits into smaller computational tasks to reduce computational load,previous research primarily focused on their application to quantum computers,without fully considering their effectiveness in quantum circuit simulation.This study fills that gap by proposing an optimization scheme based on a heuris‐tic cutting algorithm and subcircuit state vector reuse to address memory limitations in simulations.By incorporating global com‐putational cost considerations and an integer programming model,the heuristic method proposed in this paper not only optimizes the cutting process but also combines subcircuit state vector reuse to reduce redundant calculations and memory usage.Experi‐mental results show that compared to current popular circuit cutting methods,the proposed approach significantly improves simu‐lation speed while reducing memory requirements,effectively addressing the challenges in quantum circuit simulation.The over‐all average speedup achieved 46%.

关 键 词：量子计算 量子模拟器 量子电路 电路切割 

分 类 号：TP393.4[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]