中国消耗臭氧层物质和含氟温室气体研究进展  

A review of ozone-depleting substances and fluorinated greenhouse gases in China

作　　者：张艳利[1,2] 黄晓晴 王仪 王新明 ZHANG Yan-li;HUANG Xiao-qing;WANG Yi;WANG Xin-ming(State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization,Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Bejing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院广州地球化学研究所,有机地球化学国家重点实验室,广东省环境资源利用与保护重点实验室,广州510640 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2024年第5期921-945,I0001,共26页Bulletin of Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(42022023);中国科学院青年创新促进会优秀会员项目(Y2021096);广东省省级科技计划项目(2023B1212060049)。

摘　　要：消耗臭氧层物质(ODS)和含氟温室气体(F-GHGs)对臭氧层破坏和温室效应有重要影响,是应对全球环境和气候变化的相关国际公约致力减控的大气痕量卤代气体。ODS和F-GHGs的大气寿命长、浓度低、变化幅度小,同时来源广泛且新型替代物不断涌现,准确、全面、实时地监测其在大气中的浓度水平和变化特征在分析技术上有极大的挑战性,而估算ODS和F-GHGs的排放量、评估履约成效也是科学界和环境外交层面都十分关注的问题。中国自加入《关于消耗臭氧层物质的蒙特利尔议定书》以来,为全球ODS减排做出了卓越贡献,近年来也积极推动F-GHGs国际行动以在应对气候变化方面更好地发挥引领作用。本文从监测、大气浓度和排放等方面梳理了对中国ODS和F-GHGs相关研究成果。近十年来,中国氟氯烃和氢氟氯烃等受控物质呈现下降趋势,表明中国履约成效显著,而氢氟碳化物、全氟化物和含氯溶剂则表现出明显的增长趋势;分析了中国当前ODS和F-GHGs研究面临的问题与挑战,并对协同保护臭氧层和应对气候变化背景下可能关注的重点方向领域进行了展望。Ozone-depleting substances(ODS)and fluorinated greenhouse gases(F-GHGs)significantly affect ozone layer depletion and greenhouse effect,thereby profoundly affecting global environment change and climate change.They are trace halogenated atmospheric gases that international conventions related to global environmental and climate change aim to reduce and control.The long atmospheric lifespan of ODS and F-GHGs,coupled with their low concentrations and small fluctuation ranges and the wide array of sources and the emergence of new substitutes,poses substantial challenges for precise,comprehensive,and real-time atmospheric monitoring.Estimating the emissions of ODS and F-GHGs and evaluating compliance effectiveness are issues of high interest both in the scientific community and in environmental diplomacy.Since China acceded to the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer,it has made outstanding contributions to the global reduction of ODS emission.In recent years,China has also actively promoted international actions on F-GHGs to play a leading role in addressing climate change.This paper summarizes China's research on ODS and F-GHGs,focusing on measurement methods,ambient mixing ratios,and emission estimations.Over the past decade,controlling substances such as CFCs and HCFCs have shown a declining trend in China,indicating remarkable compliance effectiveness:However,there has been a noticeable increase in hydrofluorocarbons,perfluorinated compounds,and chlorinated solvents.This paper analyzes the current issues and challenges faced by China in research on ODS and F-GHGs and looks forward to potential areas of focus that may arise under the concerted effort to protect the ozone layer and tackle climate change.

关 键 词：消耗臭氧层物质 含氟温室气体 大气观测 排放估算 蒙特利尔议定书 气候变化 

分 类 号：X511[环境科学与工程—环境工程]