奥陶纪微生物岩研究进展  

Research progress of microbialites in Ordovician

作　　者：邓亚梅 肖传桃[1] 宋振宇 漆鹏亮 刘建中[3] 吴文明[2] DENG Ya-mei;XIAO Chuan-tao;SONG Zhen-yu;QI Peng-liang;LIU Jian-zhong;WU Wen-ming(Geosciences,School of Yangtze University,Wuhan 430100,China;No.105 Geology Team,Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development of Guizhou Province,Guiyang 550018,China;Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development of Guizhou Province,Guiyang 550004,China)

机构地区：[1]长江大学地球科学学院,武汉430100 [2]贵州省地质矿产勘查开发局105地质大队,贵阳550018 [3]贵州省地质矿产勘查开发局,贵阳550004

出　　处：《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2024年第5期1062-1077,共16页Bulletin of Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(42272358);贵州省地质矿产勘查开发局地质科研项目(黔地矿科合[2023]5号,黔地矿科合[2023]TD003号)。

摘　　要：显生宙微生物岩常见于生物灭绝事件之前,而繁盛于生物灭绝事件之后,表明微生物岩与后生动物之间存在着此消彼长的关系,其演替过程与重大生物事件存在密切联系。另外,在微生物岩储层中已发现了较多的大型油气田,使微生物岩的研究备受关注。目前微生物岩演替与奥陶纪生物大辐射事件(GOBE)关系的研究已成为国内外研究的前沿热点之一。本文归纳总结了近年来国内外对奥陶纪微生物岩的研究进展,讨论了微生物岩演替与后生动物多样性之间的关系,以及影响它们发生变化的主要控制因素。影响奥陶纪海相微生物岩发生演替的因素包括内在生物因素(如生物扰动、微生物与后生动物的共生作用等)和外部环境因素(如古地理演化、全球变冷、大陆风化作用增加养分供应、海平面升高、氧浓度升高、碳酸盐饱和度降低等)。对现阶段奥陶纪海相微生物岩研究存在的问题进行了分析,指出影响海相微生物岩发育的微生物群落类型和组构演化等微观因素可能是今后研究的重点。同时微生物岩的演替与后生动物大辐射之间,乃至与地球四大圈层(生物圈、岩石圈、水圈、大气圈)的相互作用在不同洲际的不同表现,还需进行更多的学科交叉研究,这对于研究影响海相微生岩演替的主要控制因素及其形成时的古环境、古气候具有重大意义。Phanerozoic Microbialites often occur before and flourish after extinction events,indicating that there is a negative correlation between microbialites and metazoans,and their succession processes are closely related to major biological events.In addition,many large oil and gas fields have been discovered in the microbialites reservoirs,which has led to increasing attention paid to the study of microbialites.At present,the research of the relationship between the microbialites succession and the Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event(GOBE)has become one of the frontier hotspots of global research.This paper summarized the research progress of Ordovician microbialites in recent years,and discussed the relationship between microbialites succession and metazoan diversity,as well as the main controlling factors affecting their changes.The factors affecting the succession of Ordovician marine microbialites include intrinsic biological factors(such as bioturbation,microbial and metazoan symbiosis)and external environmental factors(such as palaeogeographic evolution,global cooling,enhanced nutrient supply from continental weathering,sea level rise,increased dissolved oxygen,and decreased carbonate saturation).The existing problems in the study of Ordovician marine microbialites are analyzed,and pointed out that micro-factors such as microbial community types and fabric evolution that affect the development of marine microbialites may be the focus of future research.Meanwhile,the different manifestations of the interaction between microbialites succession and metazoan radiation,and even the interaction with the four spheres of the Earth(biosphere,lithosphere,hydrosphere,and atmosphere)on different continents,more interdisciplinary research may be needed,which is of great significance for studying the main controlling factors of marine facies microbialites succession and the paleo-environment and paleoclimate during their formation.

关 键 词：微生物岩 生物大辐射 演替 奥陶纪 

分 类 号：P534.42[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]