滑体破碎程度对滑坡涌浪特征的影响研究  

Influence of the degree of landslide fragmentation on the characteristics of landslide impulse wave

作　　者：李秋旺 黄波林 张鹏 成书楼 张杰 LI Qiu-wang;HUANG Bo-lin;ZHANG Peng;CHENG Shu-lou;ZHANG Jie(Hubei Yangtze Three Gorges Landslide National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station,Yichang,Hubei 443002,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北长江三峡滑坡国家野外科学观测研究站,湖北宜昌443002

出　　处：《岩土力学》2024年第11期3345-3354,共10页Rock and Soil Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.U23A2045);重庆市规划和自然资源局科研项目(No.KJ-2023046);中国三峡集团公司项目(No.YM(BHT)/(22)022)。

摘　　要：滑坡岩土体在运动过程中大多会发生切割性破碎,破碎滑体入江会强烈影响产生的涌浪特征;破碎滑体造浪效应尚需进一步揭示。基于大型三维滑坡涌浪缩尺物理试验,开展了不同滑体破碎程度下的滑坡产生涌浪物理试验,对破碎滑体的造浪效应进行分析。研究结果表明,随着滑体破碎程度的增加,涌浪第一波峰、最大波高及传播速度均呈减小的趋势。其中,滑体破碎程度从小到大,涌浪最大波幅减小幅度依次为8.84%、19.75%,首浪最大波高减小幅度依次为12.49%、21.13%。通过试验现象可知,滑体破碎程度主要通过控制滑体运动速度和滑体-水体相互作用过程对涌浪特征造成影响;并基于滑体-水体相互作用,提出滑体结构重组、渗透流、涌浪波消减3种作用机制。这些新认识揭示了滑坡运动-破碎-造浪特征,深化了滑坡涌浪形成机制研究。Most of the landslide rock and soil masses undergo cutting and fragmentation during movement,and the entry of the fragmented sliding mass into the river significantly affects the characteristics of the resulting impulse waves.The wave-making effect of the fragmented sliding mass still needs further exploration.Based on large-scale three-dimensional landslide impulse wave scale physical experiments,physical experiments were conducted to investigate the generation of impulse waves from landslides under varying degrees of sliding mass fragmentation,and the wave-making effect of the fragmented sliding mass was analyzed.The results indicate that as the degree of fragmentation of the sliding mass increases,the first peak,maximum wave height,and propagation velocity of the impulse wave all exhibit a decreasing trend.Specifically,as the degree of fragmentation increases,the maximum amplitude of the impulse wave decreases by 8.84%and 19.75%,respectively,and the maximum wave height of the first wave decreases by 12.49%and 21.13%,respectively.Through experimental observations,it is evident that the degree of fragmentation of the sliding mass primarily influences the characteristics of the impulse wave by controlling the velocity of the sliding mass and the interaction process between the sliding mass and the water body.Based on the sliding mass-water interaction,three mechanisms are proposed:sliding mass structure reorganization,seepage flow,and impulse wave attenuation.These new insights reveal the characteristics of landslide movement,fragmentation,and wave-making,and deepen our understanding of the formation mechanism of landslide impulse waves.

关 键 词：滑体 破碎程度 涌浪特性 作用机制 

分 类 号：TU441[建筑科学—岩土工程]