不同砧穗苗龄对斜插法黄瓜嫁接苗愈合及生理性状的影响  

Effects of different rootstock and scion seedling ages on the healing and physiological traits of cucumber grafted seedlings by oblique cutting method

作　　者：张旭阳 王铃钰 于俊川 易秋霞 伍晨溪 陈艳丽[1,2] 朱国鹏 ZHANG Xu-yang;WANG Ling-yu;YU Jun-chuan;YI Qiu-xia;WU Chen-xi;CHEN Yan-li;ZHU Guo-peng(School of Breeding and Multiplication,Hainan University/Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication,Hainan University,Sanya,Hainan 572025,China;Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan/Tropical Agriculture and Forestry College,Hainan University,Haikou,Hainan 570228,China;Hainan Zhonghe Zhijia Ecological Agriculture Development Co.,Ltd.,Qionghai,Hainan 571400,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学南繁学院/海南大学三亚南繁研究院,海南三亚572025 [2]海南省热带园艺作物品质调控重点实验室/海南大学热带农林学院,海南海口570228 [3]海南中禾至佳生态农业发展有限公司,海南琼海571400

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2024年第9期2734-2743,共10页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：海南省重大科技计划项目(ZDKJ2021005)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究砧穗苗龄对黄瓜嫁接苗愈合及生理性状的影响,探索适宜海南黄瓜嫁接苗生产的砧穗苗龄,为海南黄瓜嫁接育苗技术的应用与推广提供科学依据。【方法】以驰誉505为黄瓜接穗品种、创凡一号为砧木,采用斜插法进行嫁接,设3组接穗苗龄(子叶微展、子叶平展、第1片真叶露心)和2组砧木苗龄(第1片真叶露心、第1片真叶平展),共6个处理,其中以海南工厂化育苗中常用的接穗子叶微展、砧木第1片真叶露心处理作为对照(CK),研究不同砧穗苗龄处理对嫁接苗成活率、日均干重增长量(G值)、根冠比、壮苗指数、根系活力、叶绿素含量、抗氧化酶活性及嫁接愈合过程解剖结构的影响。【结果】接穗子叶微展、砧木第1片真叶平展处理的黄瓜嫁接苗成活率最高,为92.0%。砧木苗龄为第1片真叶平展3组处理的G值显著高于其他处理(P<0.05,下同),接穗苗龄为子叶微展2组处理的根冠比显著高于其他处理,接穗子叶微展、砧木第1片真叶平展处理的壮苗指数最高,为0.012。接穗子叶微展、砧木第1片真叶平展处理的根系活力和叶绿素含量也为最高,分别为381.09μg/(g·h)和35.15 mg/g。嫁接后10 d内,各处理的过氧化物酶(POD)活性整体呈升高趋势,多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性呈先上升后下降的变化趋势,苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)活性呈先下降再快速升高的变化趋势,3种抗氧化酶活性均在接穗子叶微展、砧木第1片真叶平展处理中表现较好。观察嫁接苗的解剖学结构发现,接穗子叶微展、砧木第1片真叶平展处理的愈合情况较好。【结论】不同砧穗苗龄组合的黄瓜嫁接苗成活率和嫁接苗质量存在明显差异,综合分析,海南冬春季节以斜插法进行黄瓜嫁接育苗时,适宜的砧穗苗龄为接穗子叶微展、砧木第1片真叶平展。【Objective】To study the effect of rootstock and scion seedling age on the healing and physiological traits of cucumber grafted seedlings,explore the suitable rootstock and scion seedling age for Hainan cucumber grafted seedling production,which could provide scientific basis for the application and promotion of Hainan cucumber grafted seedling technology.【Method】Using Chiyu 505 as the cucumber scion variety and Chuangfan No.1 as the rootstock,the oblique insertion method was used for grafting.Three groups of scion seedling ages(the cotyledon was slightly spread,the cotyledon was flat,and the first true leaf was exposed)and two groups of rootstock seedling ages(the first true leaf was exposed and the first true leaf was flat)were set up for a total of six treatments.The effects of different rootstock and scion seedling ages treatments on the survival rate,average daily dry weight growth(G value),root-shoot ratio,strong seedling index,root vitality,chlorophyll content,antioxidant enzyme activity and anatomical structure of grafting healing process were studied using the commonly used grafting cotyledon micro expansion and the first true leaf of rootstock treatments as controls(CK)in Hainan factory seedling cultivation.【Result】The survival rate of cucumber grafted seedlings treated with micro expansion of scion cotyledons and flat expansion of the first true leaf of rootstock was the highest,reaching 92.0%.The G values of the three grafting treatments with rootstock seedling age of the first true leaf spreading were significantly higher than those of other treatments(P<0.05,the same below).The root-shoot ratio of the two grafting treatments with scion seedling age of cotyledon spreading was significantly higher than that of other treatments.The strong seedling index of the grafting treatment with scion seedling age of cotyledon spreading and rootstock seedling age of the first true leaf spreading was the highest,at 0.012.The root activity and chlorophyll content were highest in the treatments of scion co

关 键 词：黄瓜嫁接苗 斜插法 砧穗苗龄 成活率 壮苗指标 酶活性 剖面结构 

分 类 号：S642.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]