基于Illumina MiSeq的海南近岸海湾浮游植物群落组成及其物种多样性分析  

Phytoplankton community composition and species diversity in nearshore bays of Hainan based on Illumina MiSeq

作　　者：李智杰 费小雯 田冶 张秀霞[2] 何丽敏 伍丽娴 邓晓东[2] LI Zhi-jie;FEI Xiao-wen;TIAN Ye;ZHANG Xiu-xia;HE Li-min;WU Li-xian;DENG Xiao-dong(School of Basic Medicine and Life Sciences,Hainan Medical College,Haikou,Hainan 571199,China;Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops of China/Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources/Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Functional Components Research and Utilization of Marine Bio-resources,Haikou,Hainan 571101,China)

机构地区：[1]海南医学院基础医学与生命科学学院,海南海口571199 [2]中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所/中国热带作物生物与遗传资源研究重点实验室/海南省热带农业资源研究所/海南省海洋生物资源功能成分研究与利用重点实验室,海南海口571101

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2024年第9期2798-2812,共15页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(82260669);海南省重点研发计划项目(ZDYF2022SHFZ314);海南省自然科学基金项目(322RC766)。

摘　　要：【目的】调查研究海南近岸海湾浮游植物群落组成及其物种多样性,探索导致浮游植物多样性差异的原因,为预测赤潮发生及改善水体质量提供参考依据。【方法】在陵水湾、海尾湾、清澜湾和三亚湾各设4个采样站位采集水环境样本,PCR扩增18S rRNA序列V4可变区,基于Illumina MiSeq高通量测序分析4个近岸海湾浮游植物群落组成及其物种多样性,并通过典型对应分析(CCA)、Mantel检验及Spearman相关分析探索浮游植物群落组成与环境因子的相关性。【结果】测序获得的542个浮游植物OTUs共注释到8门24纲147个属246种,角毛藻属、菱形藻属、近囊胞藻属、Ciliophrys、骨条藻属、海链藻属、斜纹藻属、原多甲藻属等为优势浮游植物属。硅藻门为陵水湾和三亚湾的优势物种,浮游植物群落多样性最高的属均为角毛藻属;清澜湾的优势物种为绿藻门,优势多样性最高的属为菱形藻属;海尾湾的优势物种为褐藻门,优势多样性最高的属为近囊胞藻属。陵水湾浮游植物群落的Shannon指数和Simpson指数与其他3个海湾间存在显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)差异,而海尾湾、清澜湾与三亚湾间的多样性指数均无显著差异(P>0.05)。4个海湾的浮游植物群落组成均受到不同环境因子的影响,其中总氮、总磷、电导率、盐度和水温是影响浮游植物组成的主要环境因子。【结论】海南近岸海湾浮游植物群落中硅藻门物种丰度最高,三亚湾的浮游植物群落多样性最高,陵水湾的浮游植物群落多样性最低且存在赤潮发生的风险。总氮、总磷、电导率、盐度和水温是影响海南近岸海湾浮游植物群落组成的主要环境因子,因此,在海洋资源开发利用过程中要实时监控水质污染及环境因子的变化,确保浮游植物等关键生态组分的健康与多样性,避免浮游植物群落失衡和赤潮等生态灾害发生,以保持海洋生态系统的稳定性【Objective】The study aimed to investigate phytoplankton community composition and species diversity in the nearshore bays of Hainan and to explore the reasons behind differences in phytoplankton diversity,providing refe-rence for predicting red tide occurrences and improving water quality.【Method】Water environment samples were collected from 4 sampling stations in each of Lingshui Bay,Haiwei Bay,Qinglan Bay and Sanya Bay.The V4 variable region of the 18S rRNA gene was amplified using PCR,and the phytoplankton community composition and species diversity in the 4 nearshore bays were analyzed based on Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing.Canonical correspondence analysis(CCA),Mantel test and Spearman correlation analysis were used to explore the correlation between phytoplankton community composition and environmental factors.【Result】A total of 542 phytoplankton OTUs were obtained through sequencing,annotated to 8 phyla,24 classes,147 genera,and 246 species.The dominant phytoplankton genera included Chaetoceros,Nitzschia,Paraphysomonas,Ciliophrys,Skeletonema,Thalassiosira,Pleurosigma and Protoperidinium.Bacillariophyta was the dominant phylum in Lingshui Bay and Sanya Bay,with the genus Chaetoceros exhibi-ting the highest diversity in the phytoplankton community.In Qinglan Bay,Chlorophyta was the dominant phylum,with Nitzschia showing the highest diversity;while in Haiwei Bay,Phaeophyta was the dominant,with Paraphysomonas exhibiting the highest diversity.The Shannon index and Simpson index of the phytoplankton community in Lingshui Bay showed significant(P<0.05)or extremely significant(P<0.01)differences compared to the other 3 bays,while no significant differences(P>0.05)in diversity indexes were observed among Haiwei Bay,Qinglan Bay and Sanya Bay.The phytoplankton community composition in all 4 bays was influenced by various environmental factors,with total nitrogen,total phosphorus,conductivity,salinity and water temperature being the major environmental factors affecting phytoplankton compositi

关 键 词：浮游植物 群落结构 物种多样性 环境因子 Illumina MiSeq 海南近岸海湾 

分 类 号：S917.3[农业科学—水产科学]