多结构特征零件车铣复合加工工步排序优化  

Turn-Milling Machining Step Sequencing Optimization for Multi-Structural Feature Parts

作　　者：王旭 翁直威[3] 张松 WANG Xu;WENG Zhiwei;ZHANG Song(Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of MOE,School of Mechanical Engineering,Shandong University,Jinan 250061,China;National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Mechanical Engineering,Shandong University,Jinan 250061,China;Shandong Pulute Machine Tool Co.,Ltd.,Zaozhuang 277500,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学机械工程学院高效洁净机械制造教育部重点实验室,济南250061 [2]山东大学机械工程国家级实验教学示范中心,济南250061 [3]山东普鲁特机床有限公司,枣庄277500

出　　处：《组合机床与自动化加工技术》2024年第11期49-55,共7页Modular Machine Tool & Automatic Manufacturing Technique

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划项目(2021SFGC0902);山东省泰山学者工程专项项目(ts201712002)。

摘　　要：针对零件在车铣复合加工过程中不同工步间多次B轴转位、工作台转位、换刀影响生产效率的问题,提出了一种基于多色集合理论的混合遗传算法(HGA)进行工步排序优化。首先,以多结构特征零件为研究对象,在分析加工工艺和工步排序原则的基础上,借助多色集合理论建立了工步排序问题的约束模型;其次,以最短辅助时间为目标函数,建立了工步排序优化模型并对其进行了鲁棒性分析;然后,设计了遗传算法合理的编码、交叉和变异的方法,并在算法中引入了模拟退火机制;最后,将HGA应用于实例中,并与其他两种遗传算法进行了性能对比。结果表明,HGA在解决工步排序问题方面具有优越性,经过优化有效地降低了零件的辅助加工时间,达到了提高生产效率目的。Aiming at the problem that multiple B-axis transposition,workbench transposition and tool change affect the production efficiency in the process of turn-milling machining,a hybrid genetic algorithm(HGA)based on polychromatic sets theory is proposed to optimize the machining step sequencing.Firstly,taking the multi-structural parts as the research object,based on the analysis of the machining processing and the principle of machining step sequencing,the constraint model of the step sequencing problem is established by polychromatic set theory.Secondly,taking the shortest auxiliary time as the objective function,the optimization model of machining step sequencing is established and its robustness is analyzed.Thirdly,the reasonable coding,crossover and mutation methods of genetic algorithm are designed,and the simulated annealing mechanism is introduced into the algorithm.Finally,HGA is applied to an example and compared with the other two genetic algorithms.The results show that HGA has superiority in solving the problem of machining step sequencing.After optimization,the auxiliary processing time of parts is effectively reduced,and the purpose of improving production efficiency is achieved.

关 键 词：车铣复合加工 多色集合理论 混合遗传算法 工步排序 辅助加工时间 

分 类 号：TH162[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TG506[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]