中医视角下发热门诊2021-2022年7203例患者疾病谱研究  

Study on the Spectrum of Diseases Among 7,203 Patients at the Fever Clinic from 2021 to 2022 from a Traditional Chinese Medicine Perspective

作　　者：陈腾飞[1] 高子恒 朱玉菡 张淑文 韩伟[1] 田晋豪 毛奕懿 王烁 刘清泉[1] Chen Tengfei;Gao Ziheng;Zhu Yuhan;Zhang Shuwen;Han Wei;Tian Jinhao;Mao Yiyi;Wang Shuo;Liu Qingquan(Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Capital Medical University,Beijing 100010,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京中医医院,北京100010 [2]北京中医药大学临床医学院,北京中医医院,北京100010

出　　处：《中国中医急症》2024年第11期1924-1928,共5页Journal of Emergency in Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：北京市医院管理中心青年人才培养“青苗”计划(QML20231007);中华中医药学会雏鹰计划中医青年临床人才研修项目(CYJH2024006)。

摘　　要：目的研究日常急性发热患者的疾病谱分布、发病时令、年龄、体温峰值特征。方法选取首都医科大学附属北京中医医院发热门诊,2021年1月20日(大寒节气)至2022年1月20日(大寒节气)全年就诊的急性发热患者为研究对象,总结日常急性发热患者的疾病谱分布、发病时令、年龄、体温峰值特征。结果2021年1月20日至2022年1月20日,共有7203例患者就诊于北京中医医院发热门诊,排除仅来门诊筛查且无发热等11类临床症状的患者及复诊患者4052例,最终纳入3151例初诊患者。疾病谱分布情况:上呼吸道细菌感染类疾病957例(30.37%)、感冒(非细菌感染)类疾病801例(25.42%)、胃肠道感染类疾病571例(18.12%)、肺炎等下呼吸道细菌感染类疾病446例(14.15%)、泌尿系感染类疾病149例(4.73%)、皮肤软组织感染类疾病71例(2.25%)、外科相关感染类疾病66例(2.09%)、免疫相关发热疾病27例(0.86%)、其他伴随发热的杂病63例(2.00%)。进一步研究了疾病谱前5种疾病的发病时令、年龄分布、体温峰值特点,结果发现高发时令均在夏季和冬季,不同疾病谱的多发年龄、体温峰值存在统计学差异。结论日常急性发热患者的疾病谱以肺系疾病为主(含上呼吸道细菌感染、感冒、肺炎等),其次为胃肠道和泌尿系疾病;极寒极热时令是日常急性发热性疾病的高发时令;肺炎和泌尿系感染好发于老年人群,且体温峰值较上呼吸道感染、感冒、胃肠道感染更高。Objective:To study the disease spectrum distribution,onset season,age distribution and peak body temperature of common febrile illnesses.Methods:Patients visiting the fever clinic of Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Capital Medical University from January 20,2021(the Great Cold solar term)to January 20,2022(the Great Cold solar term)were selected as the research subjects,and the disease spectrum distribution,onset season,age distribution and peak body temperature of common exogenous febrile illnesses was summarized.Results:From January 20,2021,to January 20,2022,a total of 7,203 patients visited the fever clinic of Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine.After excluding 4,052 patients who came to the clinic solely for COVID-19 screening without fever or other clinical symptoms,and those who were return visits,3,151 newly diagnosed patients were finally included.The study results showed the following distribution of the disease spectrum:957 cases of upper respiratory tract bacterial infections(accounting for 30.37%),801 cases of colds(nonbacterial infections,accounting for 25.42%),571 cases of gastrointestinal infections(accounting for 18.12%),446 cases of lower respiratory tract bacterial infections such as pneumonia(accounting for 14.15%),149 cases of urinary tract infections(accounting for 4.73%),71 cases of skin and soft tissue infections(accounting for 2.25%),66 cases of surgically related infections(accounting for 2.09%),27 cases of immune-related febrile illnesses(accounting for 0.86%),and 63 cases of other febrile miscellaneous diseases(accounting for 2.00%).Further study of the onset season,age distribution,and peak body temperature characteristics of the top 5 diseases in the disease spectrum revealed that the high incidence seasons were summer and winter,and there were statistical differences in age and peak body temperature among patient groups with different disease spectra.Conclusion:The disease spectrum of patients with acute fever is mainly dominated by pulmon

关 键 词：发热性疾病 疾病谱 中医 

分 类 号：R441.3[医药卫生—诊断学]