高海拔地区居民心电图特征的研究进展  

Electrocardiographic Characteristics of Residents in High Altitude Areas

作　　者：王超 张先军 谢清梦 李丹 陈宽琴 李凤 余思芸 曾健 刘建 WANG Chao;ZHANG Xianjun;XIE Qingmeng;LI Dan;CHEN Kuanqin;LI Feng;YU Siyun;ZENG Jian;LIU Jian(Department of Geriatrics and International Medical Center,The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University,The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu,Chengdu 610031,Sichuan,China;Litang County People’s Hospital,Kangnan Emergency Center,Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture 624300,Sichuan,China;Department of Radiology,The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University,The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu,Chengdu 610031,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学附属医院成都市第三人民医院老年医学国际医疗中心,四川成都610031 [2]理塘县人民医院康南急救中心,四川甘孜藏族自治州624300 [3]西南交通大学附属医院成都市第三人民医院放射科,四川成都610031

出　　处：《心血管病学进展》2024年第11期1028-1032,共5页Advances in Cardiovascular Diseases

摘　　要：目前高海拔环境对区域内居民心电图的影响无系统全面的阐述,是医学研究的热点。长期生活在高海拔地区,人体会通过心血管、呼吸、代谢、神经等方面的生理性变化来适应环境变化。这些适应性的生理变化会使其心电图与平原地区居民的心电图表现不同,主要表现为P波形态改变、QRS波群电轴右偏、右心室肥大、右束支传导阻滞、ST-T段改变、QT间期延长等。影响这些心电图特征的因素包括遗传适应性、海拔高度、个体差异等。目前的研究仍存在方法学的局限性,未来人工智能技术在心电分析中的应用有望早期识别这些心电图特征。At present,there is no systematic and comprehensive elaboration of the effect of high-altitude environment on the electrocardiography(ECG)of regional residents,which is a hot spot of medical research.Living at high altitude for a long time,the human body adapts to environmental changes through physiological changes in cardiovascular,respiratory,metabolic and neurological aspects.These adaptive physiological changes will cause the ECG to appear different from those of residents in plain areas,mainly in the form of altered P-wave morphology,rightward deviation of the QRS wave electrical axis,right ventricular hypertrophy manifestations,right bundle-branch block,ST-T wave alterations and prolongation of the QT interval.The factors affecting these ECG features include genetic adaptation,altitude and individual differences.Current studies still have methodological limitations,and the future application of artificial intelligence techniques in ECG analysis is expected to identify these ECG features at an early stage.

关 键 词：心电图 高海拔 心血管系统 缺氧 人工智能 

分 类 号：R540.41[医药卫生—心血管疾病]