生态系统碳汇交易体系实践与路径研究——以广州市为例  

Research on the Practice and Path of Ecosystem Carbon Sink Trading System-A Case Study of Guangzhou City

作　　者：何健 张怡 卢德伟 肖斯锐 HE Jian;ZHANG Yi;LU Dewei;XIAO Sirui(Guangzhou Transportation Planning Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou Guangdong 510030,China;Guangzhou Emissions Exchange Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou Guangdong 510800,China)

机构地区：[1]广州市交通规划研究院有限公司,广东广州510030 [2]广州碳排放权交易中心有限公司,广东广州510800

出　　处：《中国国土资源经济》2024年第11期36-44,共9页Natural Resource Economics of China

基　　金：广州市交通规划研究院科研项目(KYHT-2021-02)。

摘　　要：建立生态系统碳汇交易体系是实现全球碳减排目标的重要途径,是落实我国碳达峰碳中和目标的重要举措。针对我国生态系统碳汇项目难以在现有自愿减排机制下高效适配、有效开发等问题,结合自然资源部自然资源领域生态产品价值实现机制广州试点实践工作,广州市搭建了定位于服务生态产品公允开发及交易、聚焦各领域生态系统碳汇产品的生态系统碳汇交易体系。文章从技术支撑体系、审核评估体系、登记交易体系、市场激励体系、生态标签体系等五方面,梳理了市场化生态系统碳汇交易体系的构建框架、实施路径及实践情况,分析了体系管理相对错位导致推广受阻、体系配套政策和机制仍有待完善、项目开发推广激励措施有所欠缺等三方面的建设障碍,并就完善市场化生态系统碳汇交易体系,提出建立全国统一的碳汇交易市场、制定明确的碳汇市场发展规划、推动自然资源领域碳汇有效供给等建议。Establishing an ecosystem carbon sink trading system is a key way to achieve the goal of global carbon emission reduction,and an important measure to implement the goal of China's carbon peak and carbon neutrality.Aimed at the challenges that it is difficult for China's ecosystem carbon sink projects to adapt and develop effectively under the existing voluntary emission reduction mechanism,and combined with Guangzhou's pilot practice of the value realization mechanism of ecological products in the field of natural resources of the Ministry of Natural Resources,Guangzhou city established an ecosystem carbon sink trading system which targeted at serving the fair development and trading of ecological products,focusing on ecosystem carbon sinks in various fields.The article sorted out the construction framework,implementation path,and practice situation of the market-based ecosystem carbon trading system from five perspectives of the technical support system,audit and assessment system,registration and trading system,market incentive system,and eco-label system.Also,the article analyzed the construct obstacles in three aspects:the blocked promotion caused by relative misalignment of the system's management,the system's supporting policies and mechanisms which still need to be improved,and the lack of incentives for project development and promotion.Finally,the article proposed suggestions for improving the market-based ecosystem carbon trading system,such as setting up a unified national carbon sink trading market,formulating a clear plan for the development of the carbon sink market,and promoting the effective supply of carbon sinks in the field of natural resources.

关 键 词：生态系统碳汇 生态产品价值实现 交易体系 广州市 

分 类 号：F062.1[经济管理—政治经济学] F123.7F205