古典时代雅典嫁妆的经济社会意义  

The Economic and Social Significance of the Dowry in Athens of Classical Age

作　　者：孙仁朋 SUN Renpeng

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学社会历史学院,福州350117

出　　处：《经济社会史评论》2024年第4期64-76,126,共14页Economic and Social History Review

摘　　要：嫁妆是古典时代雅典婚姻缔结中的重要组成,它不完全属于女方或男方,而以婚生子嗣的利益为核心,兼具“礼物”和“担保”双重性质。嫁妆既是赠予婚生子嗣的礼物,又是以生育子嗣为担保条件的隔代转移的财产。这种独特属性不仅有助于女性选择门当户对的丈夫、提升婚后家庭地位,还鼓励生育合法子嗣,展示了女方家庭的声望与地位,并将婚生子嗣纳入其家庭财产继承体系,保障了家产的有序传承。因此,嫁妆并不只是女方家庭“赔钱嫁女”的“礼物”,更是一种确保后代繁衍和私有财产传承的寄托,有利于城邦的经济延续与社会稳定。The dowry was an important component of marriage in Athens of Classical Age.It was not entirely belonging to the bride or the groom,but rather focused on the interests of the legitimate offspring and had a dual nature of“gift”and“guarantee”.It was not only a gift given to the legitimate offspring,but also a property transferred from generation to generation with the guarantee of having children.This unique attribute not only helped women marriage husbands of equal status,demonstrated the prestige and status of the bride’s family,improved their status after marriage,but also encouraged the birth of legitimate heirs,ensured the orderly property inheritance by integrating the bride’s heirs into their mother family’s inheritance system.Therefore,the dowry was not just a“gift”for the bride’s family to marry daughters,but also a means of ensuring the reproduction of offspring and the inheritance of private property,which was conducive to the economic sustainability and social stability of the polis.

关 键 词：雅典 嫁妆 礼物 财产继承 

分 类 号：K125[历史地理—历史学]