初情期和初配日龄对丹系大白母猪头胎繁殖性能的影响  

The effect of age at puberty and age at first mating on reproductive performance of first parity Yorkshire sows

作　　者：郭海民 鲍恒 殷诗舒 许拓 唐彤 袁金锋 何俊[1] GUO Haimin;BAO Heng;YIN Shishu;XU Tuo;TANG Tong;YUAN Jinfeng;HE Jun(College of Animal Science and Technology,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China;GuangxiYuanfeng Pastoral Industry Jien Co.Ltd,Lingshan,Guangxi 535499,China;Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of theResearch and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical Preparations,Changsha,Hunan 410220,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学动物科学技术学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]广西园丰牧业集团股份有限公司,广西灵山535499 [3]新型药物制剂研发湖南省重点实验室,湖南长沙410220

出　　处：《湖南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第5期92-97,共6页Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：湖南省科技人才托举工程中青年学者培养计划(2022TJ-Q15);湖南省创新型省份建设专项(2021NK1009)。

摘　　要：收集515头丹系大白母猪的初情期和初配日龄以及繁殖性能(总产仔数、产活仔数、健仔数、弱仔数、死胎数、木乃伊数、畸形数和出生窝重)数据,按初情期(≤180 d、181~200 d、201~220 d、≥221 d)和初配日龄(≤240 d、241~270 d、≥271 d)进行分组,分析比较不同组丹系大白母猪头胎繁殖性能。结果表明:初情期≤180 d的丹系大白母猪的总产仔数、产活仔数、健仔数、出生窝重显著高于其他初情期母猪的,当初情期为201~220 d时,母猪的繁殖性能最低。初配日龄≤240 d的母猪头胎繁殖性能显著高于其他组的。丹系大白母猪初配日龄与初情期的相关系数为0.77(P<0.001),初配日龄与初情期呈显著正相关;初配日龄(Y)与初情期(X)的回归模型为Y=0.66X+104.48,决定系数R 2为0.592,说明初情期较早的丹系大白母猪头胎具有较好的繁殖性能;丹系大白母猪的初配日龄在210~240 d时,母猪初配繁殖性能好。在实际生产中可根据初情期信息,提前作好母猪初配计划,提高生产效率。Datas of 515 Yorkshire sows including age at puberty and age at first mating as well as reproductive performance including total number born(TNB),number born alive(NBA),number healthy piglets(NHP),number born weak(NBW),number born stillbirths(NBS),number born mummies(NBM),number born deformities(NBD)and litter birth weight(LBW)were collected.These datas were grouped according to age at puberty(≤180 d,181-200 d,201-220 d,≥221 d)and age at first mating(≤240 d,241-270 d,≥271 d)to comparatively analyze the reproductive performance of sows with first parity in different groups.The results showed that the TNB,NBA,NHP,and LBW of sows with age at puberty≤180 d were significantly better than those of other sows.Sows with age at puberty ranging from 201-220 d showed the lowest reproductive performance.The reproductive performance of sows with age at first mating≤240 d is significantly better than that of sows with other mating times.The correlation coefficient between age at puberty and the age at first mating was 0.77(P<0.001),with regression model Y=0.66X+104.48,where X is age at puberty and Y is age at first mating,and the calculated coefficient of determination R 2 was 0.592.The traits of first parity indicated Yorkshire sows with early estrus showed good reproductive performance,and the sows showed good reproductive performance at the first parity when the initial mating age is between 210-240 days.In actual production,the information of puberty can be used to make plans for the first mating of sows and improve the production efficiency.

关 键 词：丹系大白母猪 初情期 初配日龄 头胎繁殖性能 

分 类 号：S828.3[农业科学—畜牧学]