不同苹果组织接种恶疫霉显症方法的评估  

Evaluation of Methods of Symptomatic Appearance on Different Apple Tissues Inoculated by Phytophthora cactorum

作　　者：张胜平 张楠 马磊 赵佳强 吕德智[1] 徐国良[1] ZHANG Shengping;ZHANG Nan;MA Lei;ZHAO Jiaqiang;LYU Dezhi;XU Guoliang(Shijiazhuang Institute of Fruit Trees,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050061;Hebei Provincial Pesticide Testing and Monitoring Station,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050031;Quality and Safety of Agricultural Products Centre of Hebei Province,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050011)

机构地区：[1]河北省农林科学院石家庄果树研究所,河北石家庄050061 [2]河北省农药检定监测总站,河北石家庄050031 [3]河北省农产品质量安全中心,河北石家庄050011

出　　处：《北方园艺》2024年第21期23-29,共7页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：河北省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助项目(HBCT2024150208);河北省农林科学院科技创新人才队伍建设资助项目(C23R0702)。

摘　　要：以有伤、无伤处理的苹果熟果、幼果和叶片为接种对象,采用刮取固体培养基上霉层的方法制备恶疫霉菌悬液进行接种试验,对比了液体培养基摇菌培养制备的恶疫霉菌悬液分别接种相同处理的3种苹果组织后的症状表现,以期为提高室内恶疫霉(Phytophthora cactorum)接种苹果显症的试验效率提供参考依据。结果表明:选用固体培养制备的恶疫霉菌悬液开展接种试验,有伤处理的熟果易显症,无伤处理的熟果、有伤和无伤处理的幼果显症不明显;选用液体摇培制备的菌悬液开展接种试验,有伤和无伤处理的熟果、有伤处理的幼果均易显症,而无伤处理的幼果显症不明显;2种方法制备的菌悬液接种有伤或无伤处理的叶片均易显症。为提高恶疫霉侵染苹果显症试验的效率,不同苹果组织应选择相应的恶疫霉菌悬液制备方法,而接种对象选择苹果叶片最易显症。Ripe fruits,young fruits and leaves treated with or without injury were used as the test materials.The suspension of Phytophthora cactorum was prepared by scraping the mold layer from the solid medium for inoculation test.The symptoms and manifestations of the suspension prepared by shaking culture of liquid medium after inoculation of three kinds of apple tissues treated with the same treatment were compared,in order to provide reference for improving the experimental efficiency of P.cactoruminoculation of apple.The results showed that the inoculated test of solid culture suspension of P.cactorumshowed obvious symptoms in ripe fruits treated with injured treatment,but not in ripe fruits treated with injured treatment and young fruits treated with injured treatment.The bacterial suspension prepared by liquid shaking culture was used to carry out inoculation test.The injured and non-injured ripe fruits and young fruits were prone to develop symptoms,while the uninjured young fruits showed no obvious symptoms.The bacterial suspensions prepared by the two methods were easy to show symptoms in the leaves treated with or without injury,in order to improve the efficiency of apple phenotypic test,different apple tissues should choose the corresponding preparation method of Phytophthora cactorum suspension,and the inoculation object should choose apple leaves to show the most obvious disease.

关 键 词：疫腐病 恶疫霉 苹果 症状 

分 类 号：S436.421.1[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]