长白山区不同花色大花杓兰的表型多样性比较  

Comparative on Phenotypic Diversity of Cypripedium ventricosum Sw.With Different Flower Colors in Changbai Mountain Area

作　　者：麻蕙琳 田子叶 林树森 朴胤霖 高日[1] 金英花[1,2] MA Huilin;TIAN Ziye;LIN Shusen;PIAO Yinlin;GAO Ri;JIN Yinghua(College of Agriculture,Yanbian University,Yanji,Jilin 133002;Key Laboratory of Natural Drug Research in Changbai Mountain,Ministry of Education(Yanbian University),Yanji,Jilin 133002)

机构地区：[1]延边大学农学院,吉林延吉133002 [2]长白山天然药物研究教育部重点实验室(延边大学),吉林延吉133002

出　　处：《北方园艺》2024年第21期44-51,共8页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：吉林省教育厅“十三五”科学技术资助项目(JJKH20200523KJ);延边大学青年基金资助项目(201816)。

摘　　要：以长白山区6种不同花色的野生大花杓兰为试材,采用表型多样性分析、聚类分析及主成分分析等方法,研究其花部颜色及器官形态和根、茎、叶的形态特征,以及不同花色大花杓兰的表型多样性,以期为该地区野生大花杓兰的野生资源保护与分类学研究提供参考依据。结果表明:1)该地区6种不同花色的大花杓兰种群海拔分布范围为381~411 m,坡向为西北(NW)方向,坡度为10°~15°的缓坡。主要的伴生种有58分类群。2)6种不同花色的大花杓兰花部器官颜色间存在较大差异,DH4和DH6的各个花部器官均较集中,各个花部器官的颜色最相似;DH1和DH2的各个花部器官较分散,表明其各个花部器官的颜色差异性较大。3)数量性状遗传多样性的变异系数为7.19%~44.26%,质量性状Shannon-Wiener多样性指数为1.74~1.79;在R型聚类的第一类群分析表明,不同花部器官的同类数量性状和同一花部器官的不同数量性状分布紧密;在主成分分析中以特征值>1.0为3个主成分,其与花部器官相关的8个性状的特征向量绝对值较高,表明这8个与花部器官相关的性状在一定程度上是引起大花杓兰表型变异的主要因素。Taking six different colored wild Cypripedium venturicosum Sw.from Changbai Mountain area as the test materials,phenotypic diversity analysis,cluster analysis and principal component analysis were used to investigate their flower color and organ morphology,as well as the morphological characteristics of roots,stems,and leaves,in order to provide reference for the protection and taxonomic research of wild Cypripedium venturicosum Sw.resources in this area.The results showed that,1)the altitude distribution range of six different colored populations of C.macranthos in this forest area was 381-411m,with a slope direction of northwest and a gentle slope of 10°-15°.The main associated species had 58taxa.2)According to the comparative analysis of the color of the flower organs of six different flower colors of the C.macranthos,there were significant differences in the color of their flower organs.The various flower organs of DH4and DH6were relatively concentrated,and the colors of each flower organ were the most similar;the scattered floral organs of DH1and DH2 indicate significant color differences among their respective floral organs.3)The coefficient of variation of genetic diversity for quantitative traits was 7.19%-44.26%,and the Shannon-Wiener diversity index for qualitative traits was 1.74-1.79;in the first group analysis of R-type clustering,it was found that the distribution of quantitative indicators of the same type in different floral organs was closely related,such as sepal length and petal length.Different quantitative characteristics of the same floral organ were also closely clustered,such as flower length and flower width;in principal component analysis,with eigenvalues>1.0as the three principal components,the absolute values of the eigenvectors of the eight traits related to floral organs were relatively high,indicated that these eight traits related to floral organs were to some extent the main factors causing phenotypic variation in C.macranthos.

关 键 词：大花杓兰 表型多样性 花部器官 天桥岭林区 

分 类 号：S682.3[农业科学—观赏园艺]