北部湾石珊瑚多样性  

Diversity of Scleractinian Corals in the Beibu Gulf

作　　者：周浩郎[1,2] 葛文标 ZHOU Haolang;GE Wenbiao(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Mangrove Conservation and Utilization,Guangxi Academy of Marine Sciences(Guangxi Mangrove Research Center),Guangxi Academy of Sciences,Beihai,Guangxi,536000,China;Observation and Research Station of Coastal Wetland Ecosystem in Beibu Gulf,Ministry of Natural Resources,Beihai,Guangxi,536015,China)

机构地区：[1]广西科学院,广西海洋科学院(广西红树林研究中心),广西红树林保护与利用重点实验室,广西北海536000 [2]自然资源部北部湾滨海湿地生态系统野外科学观测研究站,广西北海536015

出　　处：《广西科学院学报》2024年第3期310-330,共21页Journal of Guangxi Academy of Sciences

基　　金：广西重点研发计划项目(桂科AB19245045)资助。

摘　　要：北部湾是南海西北部一个半封闭的海湾,介于17°00′-21°30′N和105°40′-110°00′E之间,因有别于热带南海的生态环境特点,被划分为单独的北部湾生态区。湾内分布有石珊瑚17科66属245种,其中中国海域164种,越南海域187种,两国海域共有种106种。石珊瑚种类多样性主要由4科珊瑚构成,其中鹿角珊瑚科(Acroporidae)68种,裸肋珊瑚科(Merulinidae)56种,木珊瑚科(Dendrophylliidae)24种,滨珊瑚科(Poritidae)23种,4科珊瑚占比69.80%。北部湾石珊瑚种类数较热带海洋少,但物种结构和分布格局类似。原始状况下的北部湾石珊瑚种类丰度无明显地理差异,珊瑚种类结构、分布格局和群落类型相似。以鹿角珊瑚(Acropora spp.)为优势种的珊瑚群落在过去几十年里退化严重,近乎消失。The Beibu Gulf is a semi closed bay between 17°00′-21°30′N and 105°40′-110°00′E in northwestern part of South China Sea.It was delineated as a single ecoregion because it is different from tropical ocean in environmental and ecological condition.245 species of scleractinian corals of 66 genera in 17 families occur in the Gulf.There are 164 species in Chinese waters,187 species in Vietnamese waters and 106 common species in both sides.The diversity of scleractinian corals is mainly composed of the corals in four families,i.e.68 species of Acroporidae,56 species of Merulinidae,24 species of Dendrophylliidae,and 23 species of Poritidae,constituting 69.80%of total scleractinian coral species.Scleractinian corals in the Beibu Gulf are less in species number than in tropical ocean but are similar in species structure and distribution pattern.Pristine scleractinian corals in the gulf show no obvious geographical difference in species diversity and are similar in species structure,distribution pattern and community types.In past decades,the coral communities dominated by the corals of Acropora spp.have degraded seriously and nearly disappeared.

关 键 词：北部湾 石珊瑚 多样性 群落 分布 

分 类 号：P737.2[天文地球—海洋地质] P745[天文地球—海洋科学]