堰塞湖土石坝漫顶溃坝扩散模型  

Diffusion model of overtopping dam-break process in earth-rock barrier dam

作　　者：巨江[1] 贺翠玲[1,2] 李鹏峰 JU Jiang;HE Cui-ling;LI Peng-feng(Northwest Engineering Corporation Limited,Xi′an 710065,China;Shaanxi Water Ecological Environment Engineering Technology Research Center,Xi′an 710065,China)

机构地区：[1]中国电建西北勘测设计研究院有限公司,陕西西安710065 [2]陕西省水生态环境工程技术研究中心,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《泥沙研究》2024年第5期1-8,共8页Journal of Sediment Research

摘　　要：依据推移质输沙率公式及河床变形方程,建立了堰塞湖土石坝溃坝冲刷过程的扩散模型,并给出了溃口纵剖面侵蚀下切与横断面展宽的解析解及其冲刷系数A计算公式。再联解水库调蓄方程和宽顶堰流量公式,用Excel计算表格得到了坝址溃口处流量与流速过程线,溃口底部高程及库水位降落过程线,溃口底部宽度与水面宽度变化过程线,以及最终纵、横剖面侵蚀形状。该模型理论严谨,计算简单,经模型试验、堰塞湖坝、土石坝溃坝实测资料验证符合良好,可应用于堆石坝、黏土坝、堰塞湖坝、尾矿坝、防洪堤等工程的溃坝抢险设计。The diffusion model of dam-break process has been submitted on the basis sediment transport and riverbed deformation equations.The analytical solution for the undercutting of longitudinal profile and the widening of cross section as well as computing formula of scouring coefficient have been obtained.By combining the reservoir regulation equation and the flow formula through broad-crest weir,the hydrograph of flow rate and velocity,the descending processes of reservoir water level and bottom elevation of breach,the changes of bottom width and the cross section of the breach and profile shapes can be calculated by Excel table.This model is theoretically rigorous and computationally simple,as well as its results are reasonable through experiment test,actual measurements of barrier lake break and soil-rock dam break,which can be used to the dam-break rescue design of rock dam,tailings dam,barrier body,flood-bank,etc.

关 键 词：土石坝 溃坝 堰塞湖 扩散方程 误差函数 溯源冲刷 

分 类 号：TV143[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]