间伐保留密度对杉木人工林生长和生物量分配的影响  

Effect of thinning retention density on the growth and biomass allocation of Cunninghamia lanceolata plantations

作　　者：陈块明 蓝伟立 马东旭 江先桂 林开敏[1,2] 叶义全 CHEN Kuaiming;LAN Weili;MA Dongxu;JIANG Xiangui;LIN Kaimin;YE Yiquan(College of Forestry,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002,China;Chinese Fir Engineer Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002,China;Guanzhuang State-owned Forest Farm of Fujian Province,Sanming,Fujian 365000,China;University Key Laboratory of Forest Stress Physiology,Ecology,and Molecular Biology of Fujian Province,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学林学院,福建福州350002 [2]国家林业和草原局杉木工程技术研究中心,福建福州350002 [3]福建省官庄国有林场,福建三明365000 [4]林木逆境生理生态及分子生物学福建省高校重点实验室,福建福州350002

出　　处：《亚热带农业研究》2024年第3期155-164,共10页Subtropical Agriculture Research

基　　金：“十四五”国家重点研发计划项目“杉木大径级无节良材培育技术”(2021YFD2201302);福建农林大学林学高峰学科建设项目“杉木人工林不同尺度生长模型兼容性研究”(72202200205)。

摘　　要：[目的]了解不同间伐保留密度下,杉木人工林生长和乔木层各器官生物量的变化规律及其分配特征。[方法]以9年生杉木人工林为研究对象,设置1200(D_(1))、1800(D_(2))和2250株·hm^(-2)(D_(3))等3种间伐保留密度,于间伐第6年比较不同间伐保留密度下杉木单株及林分的树枝、树叶、树干、树皮和树根的生物量及分配特征。[结果](1)林分平均胸径随间伐保留密度增大而减小,且D_(1)处理显著大于D_(2)、D_(3)处理(P<0.05);间伐对平均树高影响不显著;平均单株材积随间伐保留密度的增大而减小,表现为:D_(1)>D_(2)>D_(3),蓄积量表现为:D_(3)>D_(2)>D_(1)。(2)杉木单株宿存枯枝和枯叶生物量表现为:D_(1)>D_(2)>D_(3),宿存枯枝、枯叶生物量的分配比例分别为73.62%~74.81%、25.19%~26.38%;单株鲜枝和鲜叶生物量表现为:D_(1)>D_(2)>D_(3),单株鲜枝、鲜叶生物量分配比例分别为48.06%~49.77%、50.23%~51.94%。(3)不同间伐保留密度下,宿存枯枝、宿存枯叶、鲜枝、鲜叶生物量均随着垂直空间高度的增大呈现先增大后减小的趋势,宿存枯枝和枯叶生物量在6~8 m区段最高,鲜枝和鲜叶生物量在8~10 m区段最高。(4)杉木单株各器官生物量表现为:D_(1)>D_(2)>D_(3),杉木林分各器官生物量表现为:D_(3)>D_(2)>D_(1)。杉木各器官生物量所占比例均表现为:树干>树枝>树根>树叶>树皮,其中树干所占比例为50.69%~52.43%、树枝为14.57%~15.30%、树根为13.00%~14.13%、树叶为11.59%~12.65%、树皮为8.17%~8.36%。[结论]在一定间伐保留密度下,低间伐保留密度能促进杉木人工林的生长、增大单株各器官生物量,有利于林木培养,高间伐保留密度则能增加林分各器官的生物量。在一定垂直空间高度下,宿存枯枝及枯叶、鲜枝及鲜叶生物量均随着高度的增大呈现先升后降的趋势。[Purpose]The aim of the study was to explore the growth of Cunninghamia lanceolata(Chinese fir)plantations as well as the changes and allocation characteristics of biomass of various organs in the tree layer under different thinning retention densities.[Method]The investigation was conducted in a 9-year-old Chinese fir plantation,with three thinning retention densities including D_(1) treatment(1200 plants·hm^(-2)),D_(2) treatment(1800 plants·hm^(-2)),and D_(3) treatment(2250 plants·hm^(-2)).The biomass and distribution characteristics of individual Chinese fir trees and their branches,leaves,trunks,bark,and roots under different thinning retention intensities were studied after 6 years of thinning.[Result](1)The average diameter at breast height of the stand decreased with the increase of thinning retention density,and the diameter at breast height of D_(1) treatment was significantly larger than that of D_(2) and D_(3) treatments(P<0.05),while thinning had no significant effect on the average tree height.The average volume per plant decreased with the increase of thinning retention density,shown as D_(1)>D_(2)>D_(3),and the stand growing stock was observed as D_(3)>D_(2)>D_(1).(2)The biomass of persistent dead branches and leaves in individual trees was shown as D_(1)>D_(2)>D_(3),with a biomass distribution ratio of 73.62%to 74.81%for persistent dead branches and 25.19%to 26.38%for persistent dead leaves.The biomass of fresh branches and leaves in individual trees was shown as D_(1)>D_(2)>D_(3),with a biomass distribution ratio of 48.06%to 49.77%for fresh branches and 50.23%to 51.94%for fresh leaves.(3)Under different thinning retention densities,the biomass of persistent dead branches and leaves,as well as fresh branches and leaves showed a trend of increasing and then decreasing with increasing vertical height.The biomass of persistent dead branches and leaves was highest in the 6-8 m height,while the biomass of fresh branches and leaves was highest in the 8-10 m height.(4)The biomass of each organ in the

关 键 词：杉木 间伐保留密度 生物量 分配特征 垂直空间高度 

分 类 号：S725.6[农业科学—林木遗传育种]