桉树粗叶榕复层林造林效果分析  

Analysis of afforestation effect of Eucalyptus urophylla and Ficus hirta multi-storied forest

作　　者：许冰 李宝福[1] 黄龙杰 陈水亮 XU Bing;LI Baofu;HUANG Longjie;CHEN Shuiliang(Fujian Academy of Forestry/Key Laboratory of Timber Forest Breeding and Cultivation for Mountainous Areas in Southern China,Fuzhou,Fujian 350012,China;State-owned Forest Farm of Pinghe,Fujian Province,Pinghe,Fujian 363700,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省林业科学研究院/国家林业局南方山地用材林培育重点实验室,福建福州350012 [2]福建省平和国有林场,福建平和363700

出　　处：《亚热带农业研究》2024年第3期181-186,共6页Subtropical Agriculture Research

基　　金：福建省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项“桉树与林下五指毛桃复合培育技术研究”(2022R1010001)。

摘　　要：[目的]分析桉树粗叶榕复层林对桉树和林下植被生长情况及土壤养分的影响,为桉树可持续经营提供借鉴。[方法]通过在抚育锄草过程中保留桉树林下野生粗叶榕营造复层林,以常规抚育锄草的桉树人工林为对照。采用方差分析法比较2种林分林木生长量和生物量、林下植被多样性及土壤肥力的差异。[结果]桉树粗叶榕复层林桉树的胸径、树高、单株立木材积、单位面积蓄积量分别比对照林分显著提高8.67%、16.70%、34.19%、32.97%,去皮树干、树皮、树根生物量及单株总生物量分别比对照林分显著提高32.93%、15.50%、17.26%和26.36%。复层林乔木层、灌木层、地被物层生物量及地上部分总生物量均显著大于对照林分,但林下草木层生物量和植被多样性均有所降低。复层林0~20 cm土层土壤的全氮、水解氮、有效磷和有机质含量分别比对照林分显著提高15.60%、38.35%、17.90%和24.94%,20~40 cm土层土壤的全氮、水解氮和有机质含量分别比对照林分显著提高28.36%、43.00%和28.26%。[结论]在桉树人工林抚育锄草过程中保留粗叶榕营造复层林,可以有效提升桉树的生长量和生物量,提高林分整体生产力,改善林地土壤肥力。[Purpose]Effects of Eucalyptus urophylla and Ficus hirta multi-storied forest on the growth of E.urophylla and understory vegetation,and soil fertility were analyzed,to provide reference for sustainable management of Eucalyptus.[Method]This study created a multi-storied forest by retaining naturally regenerated F.hirta in E.urophylla plantation during tending,compared to the pure E.urophylla plantation with conventional tending and weeding as the control.The differences in tree growth,biomass of each layer,understory vegetation diversity,and soil fertility between the two forest stands were compared with analysis of variance.[Result]The diameter at breast height,tree height,individual standing volume,and volume per unit area were 8.67%,16.70%,34.19%,and 32.97%higher than those in pure forest,respectively.The biomass in tree trunks without bark,bark,roots,and individual trees of E.urophylla in multi-storied forests were 32.93%,15.50%,17.26%,and 26.36%significantly higher than those of pure E.urophylla forests,respectively.The biomass in tree layer,shrub layer,ground cover layer,and total aboveground parts of the multi-storied forest were all significantly higher than those of the pure forest.However,the biomass and plant diversity of the understory vegetation decreased in multi-storied forest.The total nitrogen,hydrolyzed nitrogen,available phosphorus,and organic matter content increased by 15.60%,38.35%,17.90%,and 24.94%respectively in the 0-20 cm soil layer,while the total nitrogen,hydrolyzed nitrogen,and organic matter content increased by 28.36%,43.00%,and 28.26%respectively in the 20-40 cm soil layer of the multi-storied forest,with significant differences compared to the control.[Conclusion]By retaining F.hirta to create multi-storied forest during the process of tending in Eucalyptus plantations,the growth and biomass of E.urophylla,the overall productivity of the stand and the soil fertility could all be improved.

关 键 词：桉树粗叶榕复层林 生长量 生物量 植被多样性 土壤养分 

分 类 号：S725.2[农业科学—林木遗传育种]