2,4-表油菜素内酯对生物炭基质育秧水稻秧苗根系生长及生理特性的影响  

Effects of 2,4-Epibrassinolide on Root Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Rice Seedlings Raised in Biochar Substrate

作　　者：毋翔 张义凯[2] 张鹏[2] 马昕伶 陈玉林 陈惠哲[2] 张玉屏[2] 向镜[2] 王亚梁 王志刚[2] 李良涛 WU Xiang;ZHANG Yikai;ZHANG Peng;MA Xinling;CHEN Yulin;CHEN Huizhe;ZHANG Yuping;XIANG Jing;WANG Yaliang;WANG Zhigang;LI Liangtao(School of Landscape and Ecological Engineering,Hebei University of Engineering,Handan 056038,China;China National Rice Research Institute,Hangzhou 311401,China)

机构地区：[1]河北工程大学园林与生态工程学院,河北邯郸056038 [2]中国水稻研究所,杭州311401

出　　处：《中国水稻科学》2024年第6期685-694,共10页Chinese Journal of Rice Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2023YFD2301601-2,2022YFD1500404);浙江省重点研发计划资助项目(2022C02008,2023C02004,2022C02034);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-01-22);浙江省农机研发制造推广应用一体化试点项目(水稻宽窄行高速插秧机技术装备研发与示范)。

摘　　要：[目的]水稻秧苗良好的根系盘结力,利于提高机插效率和质量。探明2,4-表油菜素内酯(2,4-epibrassinolide,EBR)在稻草生物炭育秧基质中对水稻根系生长的影响及作用机制具有重要意义。[方法]采用以300℃下制备的稻草生物炭为主的育秧基质,以甬优538为试验材料,分析了不同浓度EBR(0,0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0mg/kg)对生物炭基质育秧水稻秧苗根系生长及生理特性的影响。[结果]在生物炭基质中加入EBR后水稻秧苗的根系盘结力增强了4.13%~22.46%,根系活力提高了0.93~1.65倍,根冠比增加了2.20%~14.10%,极大促进根系的生长。基质中添加EBR显著提高水稻秧苗的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)等抗氧化保护酶的活性,降低丙二醛(MDA)、过氧化氢(H_(2)O_(2))的含量,增加秧苗的可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量。施用EBR后水稻根系和叶片中OsCu/Zn-SOD1和OsCu/Zn-SOD2、OsCAT1和OsCAT2四个基因的表达水平显著高于对照。[结论]生物炭育秧基质中增施EBR能够提高水稻秧苗抗氧化系统酶活性和相关基因表达,降低植株内MDA和H_(2)O_(2)的含量,改善水稻秧苗根系的生长和盘结能力,促进健壮秧苗的形成。基施EBR最适宜的浓度为1.0~1.5 mg/kg。[Objective]The improved knotting ability of roots enhances the efficiency and quality of mechanical transplanting.This study investigates the effects and mechanisms of 2,4-epibrassinolide(EBR)on rice root growth in rice straw biochar substrate.[Method]The effects of different concentrations of EBR on the root growth and physiological characteristics of rice seedlings grown in biochar substrate prepared at 300°C were studied using Yongyou 538 as the experimental material.[Result]When EBR was added to the biochar substrate,the root cohesion of rice seedlings increased by 4.13%to 22.46%,and root activity increased by 0.93 to 1.65 times,which improved the stress resistance of rice and promoted root growth.The addition of EBR to the substrate significantly increased the activities of antioxidant protective enzymes such as superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD),and catalase(CAT)in rice seedlings.It also decreased the contents of malondialdehyde(MDA)and hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2)),while increasing the contents of soluble sugar and soluble protein in the seedlings.The expression levels of OsCu/Zn-SOD1,OsCu/Zn-SOD2,OsCAT1,and OsCAT2 genes in the roots and leaves of rice treated with EBR were significantly higher than those in the control group.[Conclusion]When the concentration of EBR was between 1.0 and 1.5 mg/kg in the biochar substrate,root growth of rice seedlings was promoted,enzyme activities of the antioxidant system were enhanced,and the expression of related genes in the seedlings was improved.Additionally,the contents of MDA and H_(2)O_(2) in the plants were reduced,leading to improved root growth and knotting ability of rice seedlings,thereby promoting the formation of healthy seedlings.

关 键 词：生物炭基质 水稻 根系 2 4-表油菜素内酯 抗氧化酶 基因表达 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]