活态遗产视角下南诏洞天福地景观场域建构  

Multidimensional Field Construction of Nanzhao Grotto-Heavens and Blissful Lands from the Perspective of Living Heritage

作　　者：唐孝祥[1,2] 徐应锦 舒畅 白颖[4] 王鑫 TANG Xiaoxiang;XU Yingjin;SHU Chang;BAI Ying;WANG Xin

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学建筑学院,广州510641 [2]亚热带建筑与城市科学全国重点实验室 [3]华南农业大学水利与土木工程学院 [4]惠州学院建筑与土木工程学院

出　　处：《中国园林》2024年第10期55-61,共7页Chinese Landscape Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51978272)。

摘　　要：洞天福地场域的持续建构过程充分展现了活态遗产的时空整体性特征。以南诏洞天福地巍宝山为研究对象,通过对场域理论的梳理与活态遗产特征的对应整合,构建由场域本体建构、场域系统结构、场域空间呈现三方面组成的景观场域研究框架。结合历史文献和现状遗存,梳理其作为一个典型少数民族崇拜洞天福地的场域建构。研究表明:源于自然地理的圣显传说被广泛传播,推动了巍宝山宫观建筑群本体场域的建构,维系了信众与宗教信仰关系的活跃;少数民族信仰与道教祭祀活动的互动融合从本体尺度的景观序列、聚落尺度的空间共生、区域尺度的仪式空间拓展了场域系统、结构与标志性;以巍宝山为中心的文本记述从艺术的角度映射了神圣场域的建构规律与秩序,代代相传的建设行为、祭祀活动与文本记忆引导信众维持场域的活态。通过场域线索对巍宝山的物质、非物质及其关系结构开展系统研究,以期多层次阐释洞天福地的活态遗产特征,为全面理解中国洞天福地空间体系提供理论依据。The continuous construction process of the Grotto-Heavens and Blissful Lands field fully demonstrates the spatiotemporal characteristics of the living heritage.Taking Nanzhao Dongtian Fudi Weibaoshan as the research object,through the sorting out of field theory and the corresponding integration of living heritage values,the study constructed a landscape field construction framework consisting of 3 aspects:field ontology construction,field system structure,and field spatial perception.Combined with historical documents and existing remains,its field construction as a typical minority worship of the Grotto-Heavens and Blissful Lands is sorted out.The research shows that the sacred legend originating from natural geography has been widely spread,promoting the construction of the main field of the Weibaoshan Palace and Taoist temple complex,and maintaining the active relationship between believers and religious beliefs;the interaction and integration of minority beliefs and Taoist sacrificial activities have expanded the field system,structure and symbolism from the landscape sequence of the main scale,the spatial coexistence pattern of the settlement scale,and the ritual space network of the regional scale;the text description centered on Weibaoshan maps the construction rules and order of the sacred field from an artistic perspective,and the construction behavior,sacrificial activities and text memory passed down from generation to generation guide believers to maintain the long-lasting vitality of the field.The study conducts a systematic research on the material,non-material and their relationship structure of Weibaoshan through field clues,in order to interpret the dynamic heritage characteristics of the cave heaven and blessed land at multiple levels,and provides a theoretical basis for a comprehensive and profound understanding of the spatial system of China's Cave Heaven and Blessed Land.

关 键 词：风景园林 活态遗产 南诏洞天福地 场域本体 场域结构 场域呈现 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]