基于有限元模型的园林树木形态特征及风荷载研究——以上海市为例  

Morphological Characteristics and Wind Load of Landscape Trees Based on Finite Element Model:Taking Shanghai as an Example

作　　者：张德顺[1,2,3] 陈陆琪瑶 姚鳗卿 陈莹莹 张振 ZHANG Deshun;CHEN Luqiyao;YAO Manqing;CHEN Yingying;ZHANG Zhen

机构地区：[1]同济大学建筑与城市规划学院,上海200092 [2]中国植物学会 [3]中国风景园林学会园林植物专业委员会 [4]高密度人居环境生态与节能教育部重点实验室

出　　处：《中国园林》2024年第10期106-112,共7页Chinese Landscape Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32071824)。

摘　　要：随着全球气候变化的愈演愈烈,近年来风灾频率和强度的上升趋势有增无减。树木作为台风灾害最直接的园林要素,攸关城市生态安全,灾前树木抗风能力的科学预估至关重要。通过实地调查收集上海市常见园林树种的形态数据,综合构建形态特征指标体系,系统聚类归纳出棕榈形、卵圆形、塔形、扇形和长卵圆形5种常见形态。结合实地测定,对树木进行有限元建模,基于特征参数和风荷载模拟数据,分析不同形态特征因子对树木所受风荷载的影响。加强对树木的形态结构特征的研究,能够深入了解不同树形的树木在受风荷载作用时的应力状态,确定其容易受损的部位,从而采取合理养护措施以提高园林树木应对风灾危害的适应性。With the intensification of global climate change,the frequency and intensity of wind disasters have been increasing in recent years.Trees,as the most direct landscape elements of typhoon disaster,are vital to urban ecological security.Scientific estimates of trees'resilience to wind before disaster are the crucial preventive measure.The morphological data of popular landscape tree species in Shanghai were collected through field survey,and the index system of morphological characteristics was constructed comprehensively in this paper.Five popular tree species including palm,oval,tower,fan-shaped and long-oval forms were summarized by systematic clustering.Combined with the field measurement,the finite element modeling of trees was carried out.Based on the characteristic parameters and wind load simulation data,the influences of different morphological characteristic factors on the wind load of trees were analyzed.Strengthening the study on the morphological and structural characteristics of trees can deeply understand the stress state of different tree shapes under wind load and determine the parts easily damaged,so as to take reasonable maintenance measures to improve the adaptability of landscape trees to deal with wind hazards.

关 键 词：园林植物 园林树木 树木形态 有限元模型 风荷载 

分 类 号：S688[农业科学—观赏园艺]