2型糖尿病患者社会资本、心理健康与饮食依从性的关联性研究  

Relationships of social capital and mental health with dietary adherence in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

作　　者：陈非 陈文姬[2] 王和友 夏佳芸 龙静 CHEN Fei;CHEN Wenji;WANG Heyou;XIA Jiayun;LONG Jing(The First People’s Hospital of Kunshan City,Kunshan,Jiangsu 215300,China;Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210000,China;Bingxi Community Health Service Center,Kunshan,Jiangsu 215300,China;Penglang Community Health Service Center,Kunshan,Jiangsu 215300,China)

机构地区：[1]昆山市第一人民医院,江苏昆山215300 [2]东南大学附属中大医院,江苏南京210000 [3]昆山市兵希社区卫生服务中心,江苏昆山215300 [4]昆山市蓬朗社区卫生服务中心,江苏昆山215300

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2024年第10期1163-1167,共5页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：2022年昆山市重点研发计划(社会发展)项目(KS2217)。

摘　　要：目的探索2型糖尿病患者的社会资本、心理健康与饮食依从性的关联,为后期制定干预措施,提高2型糖尿病患者的饮食依从性提供科学依据。方法采用方便抽样的方法,选取2022年7月—2023年6月在昆山市第一人民医院全科医学科接受治疗的289名2型糖尿病患者为研究对象,运用自制调查问卷、饮食依从性调查问卷、社会资本测量量表、汉密尔顿焦虑量表、汉密尔顿抑郁量表对2型糖尿病患者进行调查,采用多因素logistic回归分析2型糖尿病患者社会资本、心理健康与饮食依从性的关联。结果289名2型糖尿病患者中饮食依从性好的占68.17%,依从性差的占31.83%。家庭社会资本和社区/社会资本得分均值分别为(7.75±2.42)和(10.45±3.20)分。有抑郁情绪的占13.15%,有焦虑情绪的占13.84%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,调整协变量后焦虑(OR=2.955,95%CI:1.384~6.309)、抑郁(OR=2.362,95%CI:1.085~5.143)是饮食依从性的危险因素,家庭社会资本(OR=0.838,95%CI:0.750~0.937)和社区/社会资本(OR:0.667,95%CI:0.580~0.767)是饮食依从性的保护因素,即社会资本评分越高,患者饮食依从性越好。结论2型糖尿病患者的饮食依从性有待提高,焦虑情绪、抑郁情绪、社会资本是2型糖尿病患者饮食依从性的影响因素。应重视2型糖尿病患者的心理疏导,扩大对患者家属的健康教育,增加患者的社会资本支持,从而提高其饮食依从性,改善健康状况。Objective To explore the relationships of social capital and mental health with dietary adherence in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),and to provide a scientific basis for formulating intervention measures for later stages and improving dietary adherence in patients with T2DM.Methods Using a convenient sampling method,289 patients with T2DM who received treatment in the Department of General Medicine,the First People’s Hospital of Kunshan City from July 2022 to June 2023 were selected as the study subjects.A self-made questionnaire,dietary adherence questionnaire,Social Capital Scale,Hamilton Anxiety Scale and Hamilton Depression Scale were employed to investigate the patients with T2DM.Multivariate logistic regression was applied to analyzing the relationships of social capital and mental health with dietary adherence in the patients with T2DM.Results Among the 289 patients with T2DM,68.17%had good dietary adherence,but 31.83%poor dietary adherence.The mean scores of family social capital and community/social capital were(7.75±2.42)and(10.45±3.20)respectively.13.15%of the participants had depression and 13.84%anxiety.The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that after adjusting for covariates,anxiety(OR=2.955,95%CI:1.384-6.309)and depression(OR=2.362,95%CI:1.085-5.143)were risk factors for dietary adherence,while family social capital(OR=0.838,95%CI:0.750-0.937)and community/social capital(OR=0.667,95%CI:0.580-0.767)were protective factors for dietary adherence,that is,the higher the social capital score,the better the patients’dietary adherence.Conclusion Dietary adherence of the patients with T2DM needs to be improved.Anxiety,depression and social capital are the factors influencing dietary adherence in the patients with T2DM.Psychological counseling of the patients with T2DM should be emphasized,health education for the patients’families should be expanded,and the patients’social capital support should be increased so as to improve their dietary adherence and hea

关 键 词：糖尿病 社会资本 心理健康 饮食依从性 

分 类 号：R587.1[医药卫生—内分泌]