排水时长和微区域对若尔盖泥炭地植被群落变化的影响  

The impact of drainage duration and microhabitat on the plant variation in Zoige peatland

作　　者：钟萍 孙庆璇 赵新朋 刘宇师 曹瑞 李玉灵[1,2] 王征 ZHONG Ping;SUN Qingxuan;ZHAO Xinpeng;LIU Yushi;CAO Rui;LI Yuling;WANG Zheng(College of Forestry,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,China;Urban Forest Health Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province,Baoding 071000,China;College of Life Sciences,Huaiyin Normal University,Huaian 223000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学林学院,河北保定071000 [2]河北省城市森林健康技术创新中心,河北保定071000 [3]淮阴师范学院生命科学学院,江苏淮安223000

出　　处：《林业与生态科学》2024年第4期412-421,共10页Forestry and Ecological Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金(31901167,32001211);河北省自然科学青年基金(C2019204351);河北农业大学青年才俊人才引进项目(2D201732);河北农业大学大学生创新创业训练计划资助项目(S202210086001)。

摘　　要：由于人为排水和气候变化,若尔盖泥炭地地下水位普遍下降,并存在着不同排水时长和微区域差异,这些可能会对泥炭地的植物群落变化产生显著的影响。为了准确的评估泥炭地植物群落对不同排水时长和微区域差异的响应,选取了短期排水(S)和长期排水(L)2种排水时长的泥炭地类型,在其中选取了不同微区域(坡位和排水沟距离)的12种泥炭地,并以附近中坡位未排水泥炭地(NS)为对照,对比植被群落的变化。结果表明:(1)与NS相比,2种排水时长的泥炭地类型(S和L)的平均植物地上总生物量有所增加,植物多样性、总盖度、物种丰富度和均匀度都有所下降;禾本科、莎草科等地上生物量逐渐增加,花葶驴蹄草、褐毛垂头菊等地上生物量逐渐降低。(2)L与S相比,植物地上总生物量和总盖度显著降低,植物物种丰富度和均匀度有所降低,植物多样性有所增加。(3)泥炭地不同微区域的植物对相同排水时长的响应存在差异:从坡下到坡中到坡上泥炭地,地上总生物量、总盖度和物种丰富度逐渐降低,多样性和均匀度逐渐增加;从远排水沟到近排水沟泥炭地,地上总生物量没有明显差异,而总盖度和物种丰富度逐渐降低,多样性和均匀度逐渐增加。(4)多元方差分析表明,排水时长只对植物总盖度有显著影响,而微区域对植物总盖度、均匀度和多样性都有显著性影响,并且排水时长和沟距双因素协作对植物群落均匀度有显著性影响。因此,不同排水时长会对泥炭地的植物群落产生显著影响,而不同微区域的植物群落对相同排水时长存在差异化响应,排水时长和微区域可能通过改变泥炭地植物群落的生物量和物种组成,影响泥炭的碳输入。Due to anthropogenic drainage and climate change,The groundwater level of Zoige Peatland has generally decreased due to anthropogenic drainage and climate change,and there are different drainage durations and microhabitat differences,which may have significant effects on the changes of plant communities in the peatland.In order to accurately evaluate the response of plant communities in peatland to different drainage duration and microhabitat differences,two types of peatlands with short drainage duration(S)and long drainage duration(L)were selected in this study.12 peatlands with different microhabitats(in terms of slope location and ditch distance)were selected,and the nearby undrained peatland(NS)on the middle slope was used as the control.The change of plant community was compared.The results showed as follows:1)Compared with NS,the average above-ground biomass of the two peatland types(S and L)with long drainage duration increased,while plant diversity,total coverage,species richness and evenness decreased.The above-ground biomass of Gramineae and Cyperaceae plants increased gradually,while that of Caltha scaposa and Cremanthodium brunneo-pilosum plants decreased gradually.2)Compared with S,the total above-ground biomass and total plant coverage of L plants decreased significantly,the richness and evenness of plant species decreased,and the plant diversity increased.3)Plants in different microhabitats of the peatlands responsed differently to the response of plants to the same drainage duration was different in different microhabitat of peatland:from the bottom to the middle to the top of the slope,the total biomass,total coverage and species richness gradually decreased along the slope from bottom to top,while the diversity and evenness gradually increased.From far-ditch to near-ditch peatlands,there was no significant difference was shown in above-ground biomass,but the total coverage and species richness decreased gradually,while the diversity and evenness increased gradually.4)Multivariate analysis of va

关 键 词：排水时长 泥炭地 微区域 植物群落 生物量 植物多样性 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]