基于深度学习的载体滚转角估计方法研究  

Research on roll angle estimation method based on deep learning

作　　者：冯璐 吴鹏 郑昱 张竹娴 FENG Lu;WU Peng;ZHENG Yu;ZHANG Zhuxian(School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering,Changsha University,Changsha 410022,China;Hunan Province Navigation and Attitude Measurement Integrated Application Engineering Technology Research Center,Changsha 410022,China)

机构地区：[1]长沙学院电子信息与电气工程学院,长沙410022 [2]湖南省导航测姿一体化应用工程技术研究中心,长沙410022

出　　处：《全球定位系统》2024年第5期34-43,共10页Gnss World of China

基　　金：湖南省普通高等学校科技创新团队支持计划;湖南省科技厅重点研发项目(2022GK2026,2024JK2062);湖南省自然资源厅科技计划项目(2023-78);湖南省教育厅科研计划重点项目(23A0609)。

摘　　要：姿态测量技术是载体运动状态和安全监测的基础.载体自旋运动使得飞行器各姿态角之间互相耦合,对载体的飞行控制带来严重影响.针对载体滚转下GNSS信号入射方向周期性变化特征,本文提出一种长短期记忆(long short term memory,LSTM)神经网络的深度学习方法,以确定载体的实时滚转角.通过对载体滚转状态下单天线接收卫星信号能量特征的分析,得到载体实时滚转角与接收信号能量幅值关联变化模型,并分析了卫星在轨运行时其空间位置改变对该模型的影响;然后采用LSTM神经网络方法对实测信号中的周期性变化特征进行训练,得到网络各项参数;最后将训练参数用于对实时接收的信号能量进行预测及降噪,并将预测结果通过模型匹配进行载体实时滚转角测算.为验证文中所提出方法的性能,开展了对天滚转实验.实验结果表明:LSTM深度学习方法可还原复杂的信号能量特征,并实现实时载体滚转角测算.Attitude measurement technology serves as a fundamental component in monitoring vehicle motion states and ensuring safety.The spinning motion of vehicles leads to a coupling of attitude angles,which significantly impacts flight control.In this paper,a deep learning approach based on the long shortterm memory(LSTM)neural network is proposed to determine the real-time roll angle of a vehicle.The energy characteristics exhibited by a single antenna receiving satellite signals during the vehicle’s rolling state have been analyzed in detail.A correlation between the real-time roll angle and the energy amplitude of the received signal has been established.The influence of changing satellite positions on these measurements is also discussed.Subsequently,the LSTM neural network training method is employed to extract periodic variation features from the measured signals,thereby obtaining various network parameters.These parameters are then used to predict and denoise the received signal,with the roll angle being computed by model matching.To validate the efficacy of the proposed method,a rolling experiment was conducted.The experimental results demonstrate that the LSTM-based deep learning approach effectively restores the features of the received signals,enabling accurate real-time measurement of the vehicle’s roll angle.

关 键 词：GNSS 深度学习 长短期记忆(LSTM)神经网络 滚转角 天线增益 

分 类 号：P228.8[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]