基于虚拟补偿力的环形流道式离心泵能量特性高效预测方法研究  

A Novel Concept of Virtual Compensation Force for Efficiently Predicting the Energy Performance of Centrifugal Pump with Annular Discharge Chamber

作　　者：王昊[1] 肖若富[1,2] 王福军 王超越[1,2] WANG Hao;XIAO Ruofu;WANG Fujun;WANG Chaoyue(College of Water Resources&Civil Engineering,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China;Beijing Engineering Research Center of Safety and Energy Saving Technology for Water Supply Network System,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院,北京100083 [2]北京市供水管网系统安全与节能工程技术研究中心,北京100083

出　　处：《工程热物理学报》2024年第11期3338-3347,共10页Journal of Engineering Thermophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.52209117,No.U22A20238)。

摘　　要：环形流道式离心泵能量特性预测是其水力设计及优化过程中不可或缺的环节,目前最常见的计算模式是采用RANS模型在同一套网格下开展不同流量工况下的稳态计算。工程实践表明,这种常规计算模式预测到的能量特性往往与实验间存在较大的固有偏差,特别表现为扬程和轴功率存在显著的正偏差,严重影响设计者对水力性能的预判。针对这一问题,本研究首先结合实际案例开展了溯源分析,发现这种常规计算模式存在高估螺旋度诱导的能量逆传效应、低估兰姆矢量诱导的非线性作用的问题,从而导致湍流耗散的预测不足,进而产生了高估叶片载荷、低估水力损失的宏观表现。为此,本研究提出了一种在动量方程中引入与螺旋度相关的虚拟补偿力以提高预测精度的矫正方法,该方法能抑制高雷诺数下旋转湍流中的能量反级串输运、补偿被低估的逆剪切力诱导的流阻耗散,从而达到适当增大流阻的效果。实际应用表明,该方法能有效消除常规计算模式下环形流道式离心泵扬程和轴功率的固有预测偏差,从而为快速而准确地把握产品质量、提高水力设计效率提供技术支撑。Energy performance prediction is an indispensable part in the hydraulic design and optimization of the centrifugal pump with annular discharge chamber,and the most common computational mode is to use the RANS methods to carry out steady simulations for different flow rate conditions under the same grids.The engineering practice has indicated that there is a large inherent deviation between the energy performance predicted by this conventional computational mode and the experiment results,especially the significant positive deviation of the head and shaft power.This seriously affects the designers’prediction of the hydraulic performance.For this problem,the analysis of trace to the source is first carried out combined with an actual case.It is found that the conventional computational mode can overestimate the energy backscatter induced by the helicity and underestimate the nonlinear interactions induced by the Lamb vector,which leads to the insufficient prediction of the turbulent dissipation,and then overestimates the blade loading and underestimates the hydraulic loss.Therefore,a novel correction method is proposed in this study to improve the prediction accuracy by introducing a virtual compensation force related to the helicity into the momentum equation.This method can restrain the energy backscatter in high Reynolds number rotational turbulence and compensate the turbulent dissipation induced by the underestimated inverse shear force,so as to achieve the effect of increasing the flow resistance appropriately.The practical application indicates that this method can effectively eliminate the inherent prediction deviation of the head and shaft power of the centrifugal pump with annular discharge chamber in the conventional computational mode,and can provide technical support for quickly and accurately grasping the product quality and improving the hydraulic design efficiency.

关 键 词：环形流道式离心泵 水力设计 能量特性 固有预测偏差 虚拟补偿力 

分 类 号：TH311[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]