基于聚光分频的全光谱太阳能驱动液态碳氢燃料定向制备系统研究  

Solar Energy Driven CO_(2)and H2O Conversion into Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels via Concentrated Spectral Splitting Technology

作　　者：袁熹 张凯[1] 宣益民[1] YUAN Xi;ZHANG Kai;XUAN Yimin(School of Energy and Power Engineering,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学能源与动力学院,南京210016

出　　处：《工程热物理学报》2024年第11期3415-3426,共12页Journal of Engineering Thermophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“能源有序转化”基础科学中心项目(No.52488201);国家自然科学基金面上项目(No.52276199)。

摘　　要：本文提出了一种基于聚光分频的太阳能定向制液态碳氢燃料系统,并对其进行了理论建模和热力学分析。该系统中,聚光太阳能被分频,一方面短波太阳光子被用于光伏发电,所产电能直接驱动质子交换膜电解槽电解制氢,为二氧化碳加氢制甲醇提供氢源,另一方面,长波太阳光子加热换热工质实现储热,为二氧化碳加氢反应提供热能并确保反应期间温度稳定,余热供海水淡化/自来水蒸馏、直接空气二氧化碳捕集等方式获取系统反应原料,从而实现全光谱高效梯级利用的太阳能驱动液态碳氢燃料定向制备。研究结果表明:标准AM1.5G阳辐照条件下,砷化镓光伏板的温度为105℃时系统可获得最大㶲效率,为23.40%,对应产氢量为2.84 L·min^(−1),再循环二氧化碳加氢反应器压力5 MPa,反应温度220℃,碳氢比1:3条件下,氢气转化率68.19%,甲醇产物选择性97.90%,对应甲醇产量为0.91 g·min^(−1),太阳能制甲醇的燃料效率为6.08%。本研究为助力碳减排,促进碳中和提供了重要的技术方案。A novel solar energy driven CO_(2)and H2O conversion system based on concentrated spectral splitting technology is proposed for liquid hydrocarbon fuels production.Concentrated solar energy is divided into two parts via spectral splitting technology.The short-wave segment is utilized for photovoltaic power generation to drive a proton exchange membrane cell,by which water can be split into hydrogen and oxygen,providing the reactant necessary for CO_(2)hydrogenation into methanol.While,the rest part is converted into heat and stored in heat transfer fluid,and can be used in gaseous reactant preheating,water desalination,and/or direct air carbon dioxide capture,etc.Then,the mathematical theoretical model for this solar energy utilization system is built,and its thermodynamic performance is also investigated.It is found that the system achieves its maximum exergy efficiency of about 23.40%,when the temperature of gallium arsenide photovoltaic panel reaches 105℃,along with a corresponding hydrogen production rate of 2.84 L·min^(−1).Employing an exhaust gas recirculation reaction mode,the CO_(2)hydrogenation reactor achieves a hydrogen conversion rate of 68.19%,methanol product selectivity of 97.90%,and methanol yield of 0.91 g·min^(−1),at reaction pressure of 5 MPa,reaction temperature of 220℃,and a carbon-hydrogen ratio of 1:3.The solar energy-to-methanol fuel efficiency of this system is calculated to be 6.08%.This work offers a viable approach for leveraging solar energy to mitigate carbon emissions and advance carbon neutralization technologies.

关 键 词：全光谱太阳能利用 聚光分频 电解水制氢 二氧化碳加氢 液态燃料合成 热力学分析 

分 类 号：TK123[动力工程及工程热物理—工程热物理]