中国建筑施工噪声污染防治对策  

Study on the prevention and control measures of construction noise pollution in China

作　　者：郭弘 魏巍 GUO Hong;WEI Wei(Nuclear and Radiation Safety Center,Ministry of Environmental Protection of People's Republic of China,Beijing 100082,China;Beijing Construction Machinery Industry Association,Beijing 101118,China)

机构地区：[1]生态环境部核与辐射安全中心,北京100082 [2]北京市建筑机械行业协会,北京101118

出　　处：《科技导报》2024年第20期55-59,共5页Science & Technology Review

摘　　要：梳理了建筑施工噪声污染产生的原因,简述了建筑施工噪声污染防治的主要技术手段,阐述了建筑施工噪声污染防治面临的困难:设备声源强、建筑施工工艺水平不高导致建筑施工噪声难以有效控制;夜间建筑施工噪声危害性大却无法杜绝;工程项目低价竞争导致建筑施工噪声防治费用无法正常使用。总结了国外建筑施工噪声污染防治的经验,提出了中国建筑施工噪声防治的对策建议:建立健全建筑施工噪声防治综合监督管理体系;鼓励使用低噪声施工工艺和设备;建立建筑施工噪声自动监测网络;合理确定工程项目工期,保障噪声污染防治费用;实施“技术手段+管理手段”双管齐下的建筑施工噪声防治措施等。Construction noise is a difficult problem in the prevention and control of noise pollution in China,as well as one of the most concerned issues of the public about environment.In this article,the causes of construction noise pollution and the main technical measures for preventing and controlling them are summarized.The difficulties to prevent and control construction noise pollution are reviewed:difficulty to control the construction noise due to strong sound source of equipment and low level of construction technology;big harm of construction noise at night which cannot be completely eliminated,and abnormal use of fund for prevention and control of construction noise caused by low-price competition in engineering projects.By summarizing foreign experience of prevention and control of construction noise pollution,countermeasures and suggestions for China's construction noise prevention and control are proposed:comprehensive supervision and management system of construction noise prevention and control should be established and improved;Low-noise construction technology and equipment should be encouraged;Automatic monitoring network of construction noise should be built;Reasonable project duration and the cost of noise pollution control should be ensured;Construction noise should be prevented and controlled through the implementation of both technical means and management means.

关 键 词：建筑施工 噪声污染 噪声防治 

分 类 号：X799.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TU71[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]