粤港澳大湾区广东区域红树林湿地虾类群落组成及其多样性分析  

Composition and Diversity Analysis of Shrimp Community in Mangrove Wetlands in Guangdong Area of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area

作　　者：唐以杰[1] 吴映明 黄更生 谢志鹏 柯锦涵 黎玥明 李佩珊 陈惠文 TANG Yijie;WU Yingming;HUANG Gengsheng;XIE Zhipeng;KE Jinhan;LI Yueming;LI Peishan;Chen Huiwen(School of Physics and Information Engineering,Guangdong University of Education,Guangzhou 510303,Guangdong,P.R.China;School of Biological and Food Engineering,Guangdong University of Education,Guangzhou 510303,Guangdong,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]广东第二师范学院物理与信息工程学院,广东广州510303 [2]广东第二师范学院生物与食品工程学院,广东广州510303

出　　处：《湿地科学》2024年第5期735-750,共16页Wetland Science

基　　金：广东省普通高校重点平台和重点项目(2020ZDZX1035和2020ZDZX1053);广东第二师范学院生态学科研团队项目(广东二师[2020]58号)资助。

摘　　要：2022年3月(春季)和9月(秋季),对粤港澳大湾区广东区域6块红树林湿地中的虾类资源进行调查,并采用物种相对重要性指数、生物多样性指数、物种相似度指数、多元统计分析等方法,研究虾类群落组成及其多样性。结果表明,采集的8 357尾虾类隶属于2目9科37种,其中春季的优势种为脊尾蝼蛄虾(Upogebia carinicauda)、刀额新对虾(Metapenaeus ensis)、哈氏仿对虾(Parapenaeopsis hardwickii)、凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)和长毛明对虾(Fenneropenaeus penicillatus),秋季的优势种为脊尾蝼蛄虾、刀额新对虾和哈氏仿对虾;2个季节6块红树林湿地渔获虾类的平均数量为237~1 508尾,由大到小依次为江门镇海湾红树林湿地公园、惠州市惠东红树林自然保护区、珠海淇澳岛红树林自然保护区、深圳福田红树林国家级自然保护区、广州南沙湿地公园、中山翠亨国家湿地公园;虾类鲜质量平均值为1 315.2~8 188.4 g,江门镇海湾红树林湿地公园最大,广州南沙湿地公园最小;虾类种类数有9~26种,江门镇海湾红树林湿地公园最多,广州南沙湿地公园最少;ShannonWiener多样性指数为1.583~2.669,惠州市惠东红树林自然保护区最大,广州南沙湿地公园最小;Margalef物种丰富度指数为1.193~3.010,江门镇海湾红树林湿地公园最大,中山翠亨国家湿地公园最小;Pielou均匀度指数为0.740~0.923,惠州市惠东红树林自然保护区最大,广州南沙湿地公园最小;在同一块红树林湿地,虾类组成、数量和物种多样性指数在春季和秋季之间差异并不显著。聚类分析结果显示,江门镇海湾红树林湿地公园、惠州市惠东红树林自然保护区、珠海淇澳岛红树林自然保护区和深圳福田红树林国家级自然保护区这4块面积较大的红树林湿地虾类群落为同一组,而广州南沙湿地公园和中山翠亨国家湿地公园这2块面积较小的红树林湿地虾类群落为另一组;相似性分�In March and September 2022,shrimp resources were investigated in six mangrove wetlands in Guangdong area in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area,and the composition and diversity of shrimp communities in the region were analyzed by species relative importance index,biodiversity index,spe-cies similarity index and multivariate statistical analysis.The results showed that the 8357 shrimps collected belonged to 37 species,9 families and 2 orders,among which the dominant species in spring were Upogebia ca-rinicauda,Metapenaeus ensis,Parapenaeopsis hardwickii,Litopenaeus vannamei and Fenneropenaeus penicil-latus,while in autumn were Upogebia carinicauda,Metapenaeus ensis and Parapenaeopsis hardwickii.The average number of shrimp caught in the six mangrove wetlands in the two seasons ranged from 237~1508,with the biggest number from the Jiangmen Zhenhai Bay Mangrove Wetland Park,and the smallest number from the Zhongshan Cuiheng National Wetland Park.The average fresh mass of shrimp was 1315.2~8188.4 g,among which mass from the Jiangmen Zhenhai Bay Mangrove Wetland Park was the largest,and the Guang-zhou Nansha Wetland Park was the smallest.The average number of shrimp species was 9~26 species,with the Jiangmen Zhenhai Bay Mangrove Wetland Park having the most species,and the Guangzhou Nansha Wet-land Park the least.The Shannon-Wiener diversity index was 1.583~2.669,with the Huizhou Huidong Man-grove Nature Reserve,the Jiangmen Bay Mangrove Wetland Park as the highest,and the Guangzhou Nansha Wetland Park as the lowest.The Margalef species richness index of 1.193~3.010 was obtained,with the Jiang-men Zhenhai Bay Mangrove Wetland Park as the highest,the Zhongshan Cuiheng National Wetland Park as the lowest.The Pielou evenness index was 0.740~0.923,the Huizhou Huidong Mangrove Nature Reserve as the top,and the Guangzhou Nansha Wetland Park at the bottom.The composition,abundance and species di-versity index of shrimp in the same mangrove wetland did not differ much between spring and autumn.The re-sults of clu

关 键 词：红树林 虾类 群落结构 多样性 粤港澳大湾区广东区域 

分 类 号：S932.51[农业科学—渔业资源] X835[农业科学—水产科学]