医学生对基层医师职业认同度及其影响因素研究  

Study on Medical Students’Professional Identity to Grass-roots Practitioners and Its Influencing Factors

作　　者：王璇 董雅萌 张蓓瑶 赵小宇 张玥[1] 冯凤莲[1] 王贵英[1] WANG Xuan;DONG Yameng;ZHANG Beiyao;ZHAO Xiaoyu;ZHANG Yue;FENG Fenglian;WANG Guiying(Hebei Medical University,Shijiazhuang 050017,China)

机构地区：[1]河北医科大学,河北石家庄050017

出　　处：《医学教育研究与实践》2024年第6期768-774,共7页Medical Education Research and Practice

基　　金：河北医科大学大学生创新性计划项目(USIP2024067)。

摘　　要：目的深入了解医学生对基层医生职业认同的现状和群体差异,为促进广大医学生就业,增加未来基层医师职业忠诚度并为提高总体医疗服务水平提供科学依据。方法编制基层医师职业认同度调查问卷,于2023年8月—10月,对医学生对基层医师职业认同现状进行调查,并了解其影响因素。结果301例医学生对基层医师职业认同度总均分为(3.92±0.90)。不同性别、专业的医学生职业认同度得分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。是否为独生子女、学生干部以及不同户口所在地、学历、学制、年级、高考志愿选择的医学生,职业认同得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。薪资和职业发展前景是限制医学生对基层医师职业认同的重要因素。社会需要和政策倡导是促进医学生对基层医师职业认同的主要因素。结论医学生对基层医师的职业认同度处于中等水平,是否为独生子女、学生干部以及高考第一志愿录取、户口所在地、学历、学制、年级、高考志愿选择对基层医师职业认同度有影响,我们从社会、家庭和学校多方面入手列举相关可行解决方案,借此为改善医学生职业认同度现状建言献策。Objective To explore the status quo and group differences in medical students’professional identity to grass-roots practitioners so as to provide scientific basis for promoting medical students’employment,strengthen career loyalty of future grass-roots practitioners and improve the overall healthcare service.Methods A survey was conducted to reflect the sense of professional identity of grass-roots practitioners to investigate that in medical students between August and October in 2023.We also detected which factors might influence the identity.Results The total score of professional identity of the 301 medical students was 3.92±0.90.There were no significant differences in the professional identity scores of medical students of different genders or majors(P>0.05).The scores of professional identity of medical students with status of being the only-child in the family or student leader,education level,educational system,grade,permanent residence,aspiration choice after the college entrance examination and students differed significantly(P<0.05).Low pay and poor career prospects were important factors restricting the professional identity of medical students.The major factors for promoting professional identity of medical students to grass-roots practitioners were social needs and policy advocacy.Conclusion The level of medical students’professional identity to primary care physicians was of medium level.Whether they are the only child,a student leader or not,and whether they were admitted based on their initial choice after the college entrance examination,location of household registration,educational level,educational system,and grade all have an impact on their professional identity to grass-roots practitioners.We propose corresponding feasible solutions from the aspects of society,family and school,so as to make suggestions for improving medical students’professional identity to grass-roots practitioners.

关 键 词：医学生 基层医师 职业认同 影响因素 调查研究 

分 类 号：G642[文化科学—高等教育学]