产业资本循环视域下供需关系动态平衡研究  

Research on the Dynamic Equilibrium of Supply and Demand from the Perspective of Industrial Capital Circulation

作　　者：顾珊 李帮喜 王生升 Gu Shan;Li Bangxi;Wang Shengsheng

机构地区：[1]南开大学马克思主义学院,天津300071 [2]清华大学社会科学学院,北京100084

出　　处：《当代经济研究》2024年第11期17-31,F0003,共16页Contemporary Economic Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目(23AZD016);天津市哲学社会科学规划一般委托项目(TJESDZX22-025);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(63232148)。

摘　　要：实现供需高水平动态平衡,是畅通国民经济循环、推动高质量发展的关键。结构性供需失衡,在微观层面表现为产能过剩,在宏观层面表现为“低端供给过剩”和“高端供给不足”并存。基于马克思产业资本循环理论分析中国经济供需动态关系,通过构建测度供需结构特征的量化模型,并结合中国投入产出数据进行测算后发现:微观层面,生产能力过剩问题集中于第一产业和第二产业部分部门,且2015年以来产能利用率整体提升,重工业部门治理成效明显;宏观层面,供需结构错配表现在五大方面即建筑行业供给严重过剩,传统加工制造业供给普遍过剩,科研技术与信息软件服务供给相对不足,文体娱乐及公共产品供给较为滞后,原材料开采和供应严重不足。由此,应从完善市场机制、优化供给结构以及增强创新能力入手,推动供需实现高水平动态平衡。Achieving a high-level dynamic equilibrium between supply and demand is the key to smoothing the national economic cycle and promoting high-quality development.'The structural imbalance between supply and demand is manifested as overcapacity at the micro level and the coexistence of"low-end oversupply"and"high-end undersupply"at the macro level.Based on the theory of industrial capital circulation,this article analyzes the dynamic relationship between supply and demand in China's economy,constructs a quantitative model'to measure the characteristics of the supply and demand structure,and conducts calculation by taking into account China's input-output data.The result shows that,at the micro level,the overcapacity problem is concentrated in some sectors of the primary and secondary industries;at the macro level,the supply and demand structure mismatch is manifested in five aspects,namely,the serious oversupply of the construction industry,the general oversupply of traditional processing and manufacturing industries,the relative shortage of scientific research technology and information software services.It is necessary to start by improving the market mechanism,optimizing the supply structure and enhancing the innovation ability to promote the high-ievel dynamic equilibrium between supply and demand.

关 键 词：结构性供需失衡 平衡再生产 产能利用率 产出偏离度 

分 类 号：F014.32[经济管理—政治经济学]