中国空巢老年人的非正式社会支持与身心健康:慢性病的调节影响  

Study on thelnformalSocial Supportand Physical and MentalHealthamong Empty-NestElderlyinChina Based on the Moderating Role of Chronic Diseases

作　　者：薛平 罗伟 徐颜婷 丁国武[1,2] Xue Ping(School of Public Health,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学公共卫生学院,甘肃兰州730000 [2]兰州大学卫生管理与健康发展中心

出　　处：《中国卫生事业管理》2024年第11期1292-1296,共5页Chinese Health Service Management

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费战略发展专项资金资助“智库能力提升项目”(561223001)。

摘　　要：目的:研究非正式社会支持各维度和中国空巢老年人身心健康的关系,以及慢性病的潜在调节作用。方法:采用2020年“中国健康与养老追踪调查”(CHARLS)数据,选取5981例空巢老人为研究对象,采用多重线性回归分析非正式社会支持与身体功能和抑郁水平的关系,采用分位数回归进一步探究不同抑郁水平下关系的变化,分析性别、居住地的异质性,将慢性病与非正式社会支持的交互项带入回归模型进行检验。结果:在控制协变量后,非正式社会支持与空巢老人身心健康显著相关,但子女经济支持与空巢老人身体功能不相关。异质性分析下,情感支持对女性、农村空巢老人心理健康促进更显著,经济支持对农村空巢老人身心健康促进显著。经济支持、社交参与与身心健康之间的关联受慢性病数量调节影响。非正式社会支持提高的效应在高抑郁水平空巢老人群体中更明显,但经济支持对P_(90)分位点的抑郁水平最高的空巢老人无影响。结论:非正式社会支持各维度的健康促进效果有差异。政府应该给予女性、农村、患慢性病共病、抑郁水平较高的空巢老人群体更多帮助,引领社区以及子女支持,协同保障空巢老人身心健康水平。Objective To explore the association between informal social support and the physical and mental health of empty-nest elderly in China,and the moderating role of chronic diseases.Methods 5981 empty nesters were selected from the data of 2020 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS).Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the association among informal social support and physical function and depression.Quantile regression was used to further explore the variation of the association in different depression levels.The heterogeneity of different gender and residence were analyzed.And the interac-tion between chronic diseases and informal social support was brought into the regression model for testing.Results After control-ling the concomitant variables,informal social support was significantly correlated with physical and mental health of empty nest-ers,but children s financial support was not correlated with physical function of empty nesters.Emotional support has a more sig-nificant effect on the mental health of female and rural empty nesters,and economic support has a significant effect on the physical and mental health of rural empty nesters.The association among financial support,social participation and physical and mental health was moderated by the number of chronic diseases.The effect of informal social support improvement is more obvious in the empty nest elderly with higher level of depression,but financial support has no effect on the empty nest elderly with the highest de-pression level at Po quantile.Conclusion The promotion effect of each dimension of informal social support is dfferent.The gov-ernment should give more help to the empty nest elderly groups who are female,rural,suffering from chronic diseases and having high levels of depression,lead the community and children's support,and cooperate to guarantee the physical and mental health of the empty nest elderly.

关 键 词：空巢老人 非正式社会支持 身体功能 抑郁水平 慢性病 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]