中医证候分类标准形成的关键技术及方法学思考  

Key Techniques and Methodological Considerations for Formation of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome Classification Standards

作　　者：赵国桢 宗星煜 赵学尧[1] 李慧珍 周峰 曾铉玲 林甲昊 梁宁 张海力 车前子 刘斌 史楠楠[1] ZHAO Guozhen;ZONG Xingyu;ZHAO Xueyao;LI Huizhen;ZHOU Feng;ZENG Xuanling;LIN Jiahao;LIANG Ning;ZHANG Haili;CHE Qianzi;LIU Bin;SHI Nannan(Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100700,China;School of Clinical Medicine,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]中国中医科学院中医临床基础医学研究所,北京100700 [2]北京中医药大学临床医学院,北京100029

出　　处：《中国实验方剂学杂志》2024年第24期257-261,共5页Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae

基　　金：中国中医科学院基本科研业务费新入职青年科研人员培养专项(2217-XRZ-113);国家中医药管理局青年岐黄学者项目(Z0841,Z0865)。

摘　　要：中医证候分类是《中医病证诊断与疗效评价规范》行业标准的核心技术要素之一。既往制定中医药临床类标准时,中医证候分类的确定多依赖教材与专家经验,缺乏系统性研究,难以体现标准的先进性和科学性,也影响了标准的实施及应用。该文梳理了中医证候分类的呈现形式及技术方法,包括含有主证及兼证的双层证候分类模式,以及现代文献研究、古籍文献研究、德尔菲法、专家深度访谈、共识会议法及真实世界研究在研究中的应用。在制定证候分类标准时,需以现代文献研究为基础,采用混合方法研究将定性研究与定量分析结果结合,并通过共识会议法达成专家共识。通过系统性研究,将提升中医证候分类标准的科学性、适用性和协调性,为中医药标准化发展提供指导。The classification of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndromes is one of the core technical elements in the industry standard of Specification of Diagnosis and Therapeutic Effect Evaluation of Diseases and Syndromes in TCM.In the past,when clinical standards for TCM were formulated,the determination of TCM syndrome classification relied heavily on textbooks and expert experience,lacking systematic research.This approach thus failed to reflect the advancement and scientificity of the standards,thereby affecting their implementation and application.This article reviewed the presentation forms and technical methods of TCM syndrome classification,including the two-tier syndrome classification model with primary and secondary symptoms,as well as the application of modern literature research,ancient literature research,Delphi method,in-depth expert interviews,consensus conferences,and real-world research.When syndrome classification standards are developed,it is necessary to build upon modern literature research,adopt a mixed approach combining qualitative research and quantitative analysis results,and reach expert consensus through consensus conferences.Through systematic research,the scientificity,applicability,and coordination of TCM syndrome classification standards can be enhanced,providing guidance for the standardization of TCM.

关 键 词：证候分类 标准 文献研究 真实世界研究 定性研究 

分 类 号：R24[医药卫生—中医临床基础] R2-0[医药卫生—中医学] R22R2-031R856.2