油菜秸秆水浸液对花生种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响  

Effects of Rape Straw Aqueous Extract on the Seed Germination and the Seedling Growth of Peanut

作　　者：金迪 郭怀刚 艾堂顺 雷然 孙千涛 朱家成[2] 吴亚滨 JIN Di;GUO Huaigang;AI Tangshun;LEI Ran;SUN Qiantao;ZHU Jiacheng;WU Yabin(Changyuan Branch,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changyuan 453400,China;Institute of Industrial Crops,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450002,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学院长垣分院,河南长垣453400 [2]河南省农业科学院经济作物研究所,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2024年第6期61-69,共9页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河南省创新引导计划(2021—2023);河南省现代农业产业技术体系(HARS-22-06-G1)。

摘　　要：为探究油菜秸秆对花生生长发育的影响,为油菜新品系PW-1B的示范推广及油菜与花生的轮作倒茬提供参考,以5个花生品种豫花22、豫花37、豫花65、远杂9102、濮科花9号为受体材料,研究不同质量浓度(0、0.03、0.06、0.10 g/mL)油菜秸秆水浸液对花生种子萌发、幼苗生长及生理特性的影响。结果表明,油菜秸秆水浸液对种子发芽率影响较小,但会抑制花生种子发芽势;低质量浓度的油菜秸秆水浸液处理增加了豫花22幼苗和濮科花9号幼苗的侧枝长、豫花65和濮科花9号幼苗的主茎高,随着质量浓度增加促进效应不显著,0.10 g/mL的水浸液显著抑制了豫花37幼苗的根长、豫花65幼苗的单株鲜质量;3种质量浓度水浸液处理均显著增加了远杂9102幼苗的根长。水浸液处理对远杂9102全部表现出化感促进效应,而对其他4个花生品种的化感作用则表现为低促高抑。豫花22、豫花65、远杂9102幼苗的可溶性蛋白质含量在不同质量浓度处理下均显著高于对照;豫花37、濮科花9号幼苗的可溶性蛋白质含量在水浸液质量浓度为0.03 g/mL时显著高于对照。水浸液处理后豫花22、豫花65幼苗的3种抗氧化酶的活性均降低,豫花37的POD活性降低。综上,油菜秸秆水浸液对花生品种的化感效应因受试品种不同存在差异,且水浸液处理对远杂9102全部表现出促进效应,表明远杂9102更适合与油菜新品系PW-1B轮作。In order to explore the effects of rape straw on peanuts and provide reference for the demonstration and promotion of new rape lines PW-1B and the rotation of rape and peanuts,in this study,five peanut varieties such as Yuhua 22,Yuhua 37,Yuhua 65,Yuanza 9102,and Pukehua 9 were taken as the receptor materials,the effects of different mass concentrations of aqueous extract of rape straw on peanut seed germination,seedling growth,and physiological characteristics were studied.The results showed that the rape straw aqueous extract had an inhibitory effect on the germination potential of peanut seeds but had no significant impact on the germination rate.The low concentration of rape straw aqueous treatment increased the lateral branch length of Yuhua 22 and Pukehua 9 and the main stem height of Yuhua 65 and Pukehua 9,and the promoting effect was not significant with increasing concentration,and the 0.1 g/mL of rape straw aqueous treatment significantly inhibited the root length of Yuhua 37 and the fresh weight of Yuhua 65 seedling.The three treatments with rape straw aqueous extract significantly increased the root length of Yuanza 9102 seedlings.Within the concentration range,the synthesis effect of the aqueous extract was promoted on Yuanza 9102,in contrast,the aqueous extract showed the allelopathic effect of promotion by low concentration and inhibition by high concentration on the other four varieties.The soluble protein content of Yuhua 22,Yuhua 65,and Yuanza 9102 was significantly higher than that of the control at different concentration treatments.The soluble protein of Yuhua 37 and Pukehua 9 was significantly higher than that of the control at 0.03 g/mL.The antioxidant enzyme activities of Yuhua 22 and Yuhua 65 were reduced after aqueous treatment with rape straw,and the POD activities of Yuhua 37 were reduced.In conclusion,the allelopathic effects of rape straw aqueous extract on peanut varieties varied among the varieties tested.All the aqueous extract treatments showed promoting effects on Yuanza 9102,ind

关 键 词：油菜秸秆水浸液 花生 种子萌发 幼苗生长 化感作用 

分 类 号：S565.04[农业科学—作物学]