苦荞、豆瓣菜和艾秸秆水提液对桃树生长发育的影响  

Effects of Water Extracts of Tartary Buckwheat,Watercress,and Artemisia argyi Straw on Peach Growth

作　　者：范严心 刘媛 彭雪梅 肖云英 胡容平[3] 陈松[1] 陈庆华[1] 林立金[2] 范中菡 FAN Yanxin;LIU Yuan;PENG Xuemei;XIAO Yunying;HU Rongping;CHEN Song;CHEN Qinghua;LIN Lijin;FAN Zhonghan(Institute of Plant Protection,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Southwest Agriculture Crops of Ministry of Agriculture,Chengdu 610066,China;College of Horticulture,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China;Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Chengdu 610066,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院植物保护研究所/农业部西南作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室,四川成都610066 [2]四川农业大学园艺学院,四川成都611130 [3]四川省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,四川成都610066

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2024年第6期107-114,共8页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家现代农业产业体系四川水果创新团队项目(sccxtd-2021-04);四川省农业科学院中试熟化项目(2021ZSSFXC56)。

摘　　要：桃是我国重要的栽培果树之一,为了促进桃生长,进而为高品质桃生产提供参考,以早熟桃为试验材料,设置对照(清水)、苦荞秸秆水提液、豆瓣菜秸秆水提液及艾秸秆水提液4个处理,研究3种秸秆水提液处理对桃枝条生长、叶片光合色素含量、不同部位全氮、全磷、全钾含量以及土壤pH值和有效养分含量的影响。结果表明,与对照相比,艾秸秆水提液处理的桃枝条基部的长度和粗度分别降低3.62%和20.15%,艾秸秆水提液处理的桃叶片叶绿素a、叶绿素b、类胡萝卜素含量和叶绿素总量分别显著降低15.88%、17.49%、16.30%和16.28%。苦荞和艾秸秆水提液增加了桃果实全氮含量,而豆瓣菜秸秆水提液则降低了桃果实全氮含量;艾秸秆水提液处理的桃茎秆全磷含量较对照提高了5.13%,全钾含量较对照、苦荞和豆瓣菜秸秆水提液分别显著提高4.35%、7.49%和4.45%;苦荞秸秆水提液处理的桃叶片全钾含量最高。0~20 cm土层中,苦荞、豆瓣菜和艾秸秆水提液处理的碱解氮含量分别较对照显著降低8.45%、7.05%和21.43%;有效磷含量变化趋势从小到大依次为豆瓣菜秸秆水提液<对照<艾秸秆水提液<苦荞秸秆水提液;艾秸秆水提液处理的土壤速效钾含量显著高于对照。综上,苦荞、豆瓣菜和艾秸秆水提液处理均能在一定程度上利于桃的生长,其中,艾秸秆水提液的处理效果最好。Peach is one of the important cultivated fruit trees in China,in order to promote the growth of peach,and then provide a reference for high-quality peach production,in this study,taking early maturing peach as the experimental material,four treaments were set up,including the control,tartary buckwheat straw water extract,watercress straw water extract and Artemisia argyi straw water extract,the effect of three kinds of straw water extract treatments on peach branch growth,the content of photosynthetic pigment in the leaves,the content of total nitrogen,total phosphorus,total potassium in different parts of the soil,as well as soil pH value and effective nutrient content in soil was studied.The results showed that the length and thickness of peach branches treated with Artemisia argyi straw water extract decreased by 3.62%and 20.15%,respectively,compared with the control.The chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b,carotenoid content and total chlorophyll of peach leaves treated with Artemisia argyi straw water extract were significantly reduced by 15.88%,17.49%,16.30%,and 16.28%,respectively,compared with the control.Tartary buckwheat and Artemisia argyi straw water extract increased the total nitrogen content of peach fruits,while watercress straw water extract decreased the total nitrogen content of peach fruits.The total phosphorus content of peach stalks treated with Artemisia argyi straw water extract was increased by 5.13%compared with the control,and the total potassium content was significantly increased by 4.35%,7.49%,and 4.45%compared with the control,tartary buckwheat,and watercress straw water extract,respectively.The total potassium content of peach leaves treated with tartary buckwheat straw water extract was the highest.In the soil layer from 0 to 20 cm,the alkaline nitrogen content of tartary buckwheat,watercress,and Artemisia argyi straw water extract was significantly reduced by 8.45%,7.05%and 21.43%,respectively,compared with the control,the available phosphorus content varied from small to large in the fol

关 键 词：桃 苦荞秸秆水提液 豆瓣菜秸秆水提液 艾秸秆水提液 生长发育 

分 类 号：S662.1[农业科学—果树学]