科学知识角色转变现象:内涵、过程与特征分析  

Scientific Knowledge Role Transition Phenomenon:Definition,Process and Characterization

作　　者：杨金庆 罗星雨 杨儒汉 胡吉明[2] 黄永[2] Yang Jinqing;Luo Xingyu;Yang Ruhan;Hu Jiming;Huang Yong(School of Information Management,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079,China;School of Information Management,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学信息管理学院,湖北武汉430079 [2]武汉大学信息管理学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《现代情报》2024年第12期29-39,共11页Journal of Modern Information

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“基于可解释机器学习的科学知识角色转变预测研究”(项目编号:72304108);湖北省自然科学基金面上项目“基于大语言模型深层语义理解的领域技术谱系自动生成研究”(项目编号:2024AFB1018);中央高校基本业务费项目(项目编号:CCNU23XJ013&CCNU24ZZ140&CCNU24JC034)。

摘　　要：[目的/意义]科技创新是建立在自有领域知识体系基础之上的,知识体系不是短时间内形成的,而是在科学研究的推动下不断形成、演化和发展的,在此过程中,科学知识发生角色转变现象。揭示科学知识角色转变现象有助于揭示知识创新的内在特征与规律。[方法/过程]本文以生物医学领域知识体系的演化记录为对象,以领域知识体系为参照,将科学知识演化过程划分为新知识吸纳阶段和领域知识体系演化阶段,从知识个体外在属性以及知识体系内在谱系关系两个角度,初步探索“科学知识个体如何通过生长演变进入领域知识体系,成为领域知识?”“知识体系内部关系变化如何反过来影响领域知识个体在其中的作用?”。[结果/结论]新知识吸纳阶段,采纳频次和引用频次对科学知识能否发生转变有正向促进作用,采纳频次对转变时长有正向影响。领域知识体系演化阶段,引用频次、期刊影响力和位置层数对领域知识角色转变有正向影响,但对各类型角色转变影响强度有所不同。[Purpose/Significance]Scientific and technological innovation is founded on a system of knowledge in a field that is not formed in a short period but is constantly formed,evolved,and developed under the impetus of scientific research,resulting in the role transition of scientific knowledge.Revealing the phenomenon of scientific knowledge role transition contributes to revealing the intrinsic traits and principles of knowledge innovation.[Method/Process]The paper utilized the biomedical domain knowledge system s evolution record as its object,splitting down the process of scientific knowledge evolution into two stages with the domain knowledge system as the reference:the absorption of new knowledge and the evolution of the domain knowledge system.From two perspectives of the external attributes of individual knowledge and the internal genealogical relationships of the knowledge system,this paper explored two questions,“How do scientific knowledge individuals enter the domain knowledge system and become domain knowledge through growth and evolution?”and“How do changes in relationships within knowledge systems in turn affect the role of domain knowledge individuals within them?”.[Result/Conclusion]Adoption and citation frequency in the new knowledge absorption phase positively promotes the transition of scientific knowledge,with adoption frequency also having a positive effect on the transition duration.In the evolution phase of the domain knowledge system,citation frequency,journal influence,and number of location tiers positively influence the role change of domain knowledge,although the impact intensity varies across the three types of role transition.

关 键 词：科学知识角色 科学知识角色转变 知识演化 知识创新 

分 类 号：G203[文化科学—传播学]