客观处罚条件理论的介评与借鉴  

The Introduction,Evaluation and Reference of the Theory of Objective Punishment Condition

作　　者：张庆立 ZHANG Qing-li(People’s Procuratorate of Songjiang District,Shanghai 201620,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市松江区人民检察院,上海201620

出　　处：《山西省政法管理干部学院学报》2024年第4期77-82,共6页Journal of Shanxi Politics and Law Institute for Administrators

基　　金：2023年度最高人民检察院检察应用理论研究课题“赌博犯罪的法律适用问题”(课题编号:GJ2023D24)的阶段性成果;2023年度国家检察官学院科研基金资助项目“检察公益诉讼立法相关问题研究”(课题编号:GJY2023D21)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：近年来,受日本刑法理论的影响,客观处罚条件理论逐步受到我国理论界的关注。从日本的情况来看,客观处罚条件的体系定位已由“处罚条件说”发展为“构成要件要素说”,带来的启示为:客观处罚条件属于犯罪成立要件,相应的反思为:“要求至少存在预见的可能性”存在违反“客观处罚条件”自身概念之虞。就借鉴可行性而言,考虑到犯罪概念、犯罪与刑罚之间的紧密联系、犯罪构成的概念等基本理论,以及犯罪构成四要件的耦合结构、罪质与罪量相统一等理论底色,“犯罪客观方面和客体的附随要件说”无疑都更具优势,即客观处罚条件既可能是犯罪客观方面的附加要件,也可能是犯罪客体方面的附加要件。In recent years,under the influence of Japanese criminal law theory,the theory of objective punishment conditions has gradually attracted the attention of the theoretical circles in China.Judging from the situation in Japan,the systematic positioning of objective punishment conditions has developed from the“punishment condition theory”to the“constituent element theory”,and the inspiration brought is that objective punishment conditions belong to the elements for the establishment of a crime.The corresponding reflection is that“requiring at least the possibility of foresight”may violate the concept of“objective punishment conditions”itself.In terms of the feasibility of reference,considering basic theories such as the concept of crime,the close connection between crime and punishment,and the concept of criminal constitution,as well as the coupling structure of the four elements of criminal constitution and the theoretical background of the unity of crime quality and crime quantity,the“theory of accompanying elements of the objective aspect and object of crime”undoubtedly has more advantages.That is,objective punishment conditions may be either additional elements of the objective aspect of crime or additional elements of the object aspect of crime.

关 键 词：客观处罚条件 概念溯源 域外启示 本土借鉴 

分 类 号：DF61[政治法律—刑法学]