面向复杂海况的海上无人船对星通信自适应波束成形方法  

Adaptive Beamforming for Unmanned Surface Vehicle-to-Satellite Communication in Harsh Sea Environments

作　　者：于劲松 化存卿[1] 刘玲亚 YU Jinsong;HUA Cunqing;LIU Lingya(School of Cyber Science and Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China;College of Information Engineering,Shanghai Maritime University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学网络空间安全学院,上海200240 [2]上海海事大学信息工程学院,上海201306

出　　处：《移动通信》2024年第11期70-76,共7页Mobile Communications

基　　金：上海市教育委员会“科研创新计划自然科学重大项目”(2021-01-07-00-10-E00121)。

摘　　要：复杂海况下的海上卫星通信因海上无人船受海浪影响而频繁横摇运动,此时传统基于收发端相对空间位置的波束对准等固定波束成形方案极易失效,从而导致链路中断或性能下降,这是高海况下海上卫星通信长期面临的挑战之一。为此,提出了通过无人船的自适应波束成形来补偿其随海浪运动而产生的横摇角度变化,设计了相应的上行传输框架和横摇角预测模型。基于预测的横摇角信息计算相应信道状态信息,为海上无人船和卫星设计了一种联合波束成形算法,以实现高海况下的有效波束对准和优化。仿真结果表明了无人船横摇角预测的准确性,以及自适应波束成形在复杂海况下的传输性能保证。Maritime satellite communication in harsh environments faces challenges due to frequent roll motions of unmanned surface vehicles(USVs)caused by sea waves.Under these conditions,traditional fixed beamforming schemes,based on aligning beams using the relative spatial positions of the transmitter and receiver,often fail,leading to link interruptions or degraded performance.This issue represents a persistent challenge for maritime satellite communication in high sea states.To address this,we propose an adaptive beamforming approach to compensate for the roll angle variations induced by wave motion.A corresponding uplink transmission framework and roll angle prediction model are designed.Based on the predicted roll angle information,channel state information is calculated,enabling a joint beamforming algorithm for USV-to-satellite communication to achieve effective beam alignment and optimization under high sea states.Simulation results demonstrate the accuracy of the roll angle prediction for USVs and the reliability of adaptive beamforming in ensuring transmission performance in harsh sea environments.

关 键 词：海上卫星通信 无人船横摇运动 横摇角预测 自适应波束成形 

分 类 号：TN929.5[电子电信—通信与信息系统]